1. F1 PRESS F1 FOR GUIDEANCE

2. Clostridium, Bacteriods & Antibiotics Clostridium3 Station 1: Gram stain of Clostridium perfringens4 Station 2: Spore stain of Clostridium perfringens5 Station 3: Growth on blood agar6 Station 4: Growth cooked meat medium7 Station 5: Nagler reation 8 Station 6: Growth on litmus milk medium9 Bacteroids10 Station 7: Gram stain11 Tools used for growing the anerobes and sensitivity testing12 Station 8: Anaerobiosis 13 Station 9: Disc antibiotic susceptibility 14 Station 10: Disc antibiotic diffusion on agar15 Station 11: Treatment & diseases16 Station 12: Summary17

4. = Perfringens Station 1

5. Station 2

6. β Haemolitic activity (double zone of heterolysis) No Haemolysis “little colonies” Station 3

7. Digested Black color Station 4

8. Clostridium perfringens Precipitations of lecithin that are broken down by lechithinase prduced by C. Perfringens Station 5

9. Acid and gas are produced during the growth of Perfringens with in the litmus milk producing:- 1- clot “because of acid” 2- pink color “ because of acid” 3- holes in the clot “because of gas passing through it” Station 6

11. Station 7

13. Station 8

14. This was explained previously Bacteria Control Station 9

15. Zone of inhibition Station 10

16. Station 11 Clostridia perfringens Infection:- 1-Gas gangrene  amputation of limbs 2- Food poisoning “meat, stew & soup”  vomiting and diarrhea Treatment:- Cleaning the wound, putting the patient in hyperbaric oxygen chamber and give “Penicillin” in high doses Clostridia tetani Infection:- Tetanus, associated with cutting the umblical cord with unsertile blades. Treatment:- Administrating antitoxins and giving “Penicillin” in high doses No bacteremia (not invasive) Bacterioids Infection:- 1- head, neck & respiratory tract infection 2- lower abdomen and pelvis Treatment:- “Metronidazole” and resistant to aminglycosides

17. Gram stain Type Spores Aerobe or anaerobe? +ve-ve bacilli bacilli yes no anaerobes anaerobes How to differentiate between clostridium perfringens & tetani (medium)? Perfringens: Blood agar  beta hemolysis, Neglar reaction & litmus milk reaction Tetani: Cooked meet medium  black Station 12

18. دعواتكم يا شباب