1. Workshop on “Real Time Data Transmission from Continuous Monitoring Systems (CMS)” CMS Data flow from Industries to SPCB & CPCB Presented By Aditya Sharma Sc.’C’ Central Pollution Control Board Parivesh Bhawan, Delhi-110032 Real Time Data Transmission

2. Details of Systems functional in various industries Real Time Data Transmission 17 Categories of Industries  Cement Industries  Power Plants  Refineries  Petro Chemicals  Pulp and Paper  Aluminium  Fertilizers  Iron & Steel  Pesticides  Pharmaceuticals  Sugar  Tannery  Zinc &  Copper

3. Types of Pollution Monitoring Systems operated by Industries Emission Monitoring Systems Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Systems Air Pollution Monitoring System Effluent Monitoring Systems Water Pollution Monitoring System

4. Stack Monitoring Architecture

5. CAAQM Pollution Control Board Central Server with DAS Local Server with DAS LAN or WAN Continuous Monitoring Systems

6. FTIR-based analyzer Multigas Analysers Integrated indoor cabinet In Situ Analyzers Various Systems used in Air Pollution Monitoring Dilution Based Analyzers

7. Data Generation Industries in India have been directed to install CMS Devices from last more than 10 years and many of these industries have installed such systems. Instruments required for Continuous Monitoring Systems (CMS) are mostly manufactured in different foreign countries. Two types of Output signals from these Instruments installed in industries are available Digital outputs and Analog outputs. CMS Systems

8. Data use till date Data Submission Industries had connected these CMS instrument’s output to their control rooms through PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) to check on emission/effluent levels (Every process-wise, parameter-wise Limits are already prescribed by SPCBs/CPCB) to check the performance of plant and if required have changed the combustion element ratios.

9. Mandate (Direction dated 05.02.2014) CPCB Direction  17 Categories (Highly Polluting)  CHWI,  BMWI,  CETPs 1. To Install CEMS Parameter Specific Effluent and Emission Monitoring Systems. 2. To connect and upload online data at SPCBs/PCCs & CPCB server in a time bound manner. 3. Industries have to ensure regular maintenance and operation of the online systems with tamper proof mechanism having facilities for online calibrations. Hence, to manage these systems and provide information as mandated has become a real challenge.

10. Requirements of System System Requirements Proposed system should be capable of 1.Data collection on Real Time basis without human intervention. 2.Data Collection from any REAL TIME SYSTEM. 3.Providing data to all stake holders without delay. 4.Collection of Performance criteria parameters & Health status 5.Providing tamper proof mechanism. 6.Providing facility for online calibration of systems. 7.Providing a system of change request management with recording mechanism for data validation purpose. 8.Having Dashboards for facilitating SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB intelligent surveillance display for meaningful application of data. 9.Generating ALERTS in case of violation of stipulated standards. 10.Accommodating existing technology based Systems (Digital) with minimum variation. 11.Accommodating any new requirements of additional parameter monitoring in future.

11. System Requirements 12. Continuous Transfer of Real Time data for display on industry website & Industry main gate. 13. Data storage effortlessly without data loss. 14. Easily Deployable. 15. Creating a National Database for Policy & Decision Makers at a single GIS map. Requirements of System

12. Data Generation What is Data? Data Raw Data Processed Data with TIME, DATE & NAME - STAMPINGS Diagnostics of Instrument Faults details like lamp fail, pump fail, sensor fail Calibration Data Calibration Gas Concentration & its deterioration over time Online calibration procedure and data recorded Configuration data of the system Operating range of instruments & alert on Change of Range.

13. Data Generation What is the volume? No. of Industries More than 3000 - 17 Categories of Industries expected 370 – CETPs, CHWI, BMWI No. of Parameters * Emission: (08) PM, Fluoride, NO x, SO 2, CL 2, HCl, NH 3 & CO Effluent: (08 ) pH, BOD, COD, TSS, Cr, As, NH 3, Ao x *Parameters to be monitored are industry specific.

14. How to get these systems connected in the network? Data Submission Old Instruments with Analog Technology …….. Can not be calibrated online, hence to be replaced with New Instruments. Old Instruments with Digital Technology …….. Capable of online calibration need to be connected. New Systems …. Have to have compatibility of online calibration than a procedure has to be defined so that these new systems gets immediately integrated into the network.

15. New Systems Data Generation The advanced CMS system are providing digital output. These advanced CMS systems not only provide the parametric value but also provide information about system. This includes Diagnostics features such as lamp voltage, frequency of operated chopper, cooling temperature of Photomultiplier tube, vacuum inside reaction chamber and many more which provides information about health of instruments. Beside diagnostics, advancements in the technologies have provided us a capacity to monitor the Instruments kept at a remote location and to configure and calibrate theses instruments with a click of button remotely. Diagnostics & Calibrations

16. How the entire system should work? Data Submission Existing Systems SPCBs/PCCs New Systems Data Transmission Data Synchro nization CPCB Data on Website Validation & Verification Scrutiny WEB Records 1. Continuous Data 2. Validation events 3. Calibration 4. Cross verification issues Data available for Policy makers/Public INDUSTRIES

17. Data Transmission  Exchange of information between two devices.  For exchange of Data to occur communication devices must be a part of system made up of hardware and software.  Exchange can occur on some form of Media like internet or wire.

18. Types of Data Transmission Data Transmission – Parallel –all the bits of data transmitted simultaneously on separate communication lines. Fit for shorter distances like printer connection. High speed – Serial….. fit for long distance data transmission Synchronous –bits transmitted in a line one after another -- requires one communication line with start & stop bits. Example are: PS2 Mouse or Keyboard Asynchronous—sends one word at a time with start and stop bit. Example is : RS 232 Simple terminal serial communication

19. Data Transmission Transmission Modes Data Flow Both can send and receive information simulteneously

20. Data Transmission Components of Data Communication  Receiver: It is the device which receives the data.  Sender: It is the device which sends the data.  Message: Information being transmitted text files, audio, video etc. Medium: It is the physical path by which the a message travels from sender to receiver. Protocol: It is set of rules that governs the data communication.

21. Data Transmission  Sender: It is the device which sends the data.  Receiver: It is the device which receives the data.  Message: Information being transmitted text files, audio, video etc.  Transmission Medium: It is the physical path by which the a message travels from sender to receiver. Internet, Physical wire, GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Mobile Data Service 2G/3G.  Protocol: It is set of rules that governs the data communication. It represents an agreement between the communication devices. Without protocol two devices may be connected but not communicating. Data Transmission

22.  Transmission Medium: Preferential order Data Transmission Leased Circuit of 512 Kbps or 1Mbps Broadband telephone connection GSM/GPRS Leased Line Broadband Wireless connection 1 2 3

23. Protocol’s functionality Data Transmission A protocol is a set of rules which governs the transfer of data between computers. Protocols allow communication between computers and networks. Handshaking is used to establish which protocols to use. Handshaking controls the flow of data between computers Protocols will determine the speed of transmission, error checking method, size of bytes, and whether synchronous or asynchronous Protocols exist at several levels in a telecommunication connection. For example, there are protocols for the data interchange  at the hardware device level &  at the application program level. Protocols are often described in an industry or international standard.

24. Layers of OSI model Open Systems Interconnection In the standard model known as Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), there are one or more protocols at each layer in the telecommunication exchange that both ends of the exchange must recognize and observe

26. Protocol’s functionality Data Exchange Format-example Air Quality – Exchange of Data – WITH ISO 7168 format  Data File is divided into 4 groups- 1.The Identification Group –Name, Address of the industry, etc. 2.The Description Group – Parameters information, no of sites, no. of parameters, Units used, Sampling Height, Lat and Long coordinates, Upper and Lower limits etc. 3.The Data Group – All about the Data Generated e.g. parameter code, site code, data duration, sampling time, samples per time interval, multiplication factors, etc. 4.The comments Group – Comments providing additional information

27. Protocol in Nut Shell Suppliers of CMS A procedure through which : 1.Hardware devices recognize each other 2.Devices understand the encryption & decryption of data 3.Devices verify the data 4.System recognizes the data sent and data received 5.Set of data for specific parameter like Data + Diagnostics data+ calibration data+ configuration data 6.Set of data recognizing stations, channels, and various other details 7.Set of commands which shall provide the control to run calibration and configurations etc.

28. Thank You for your Kind Attention CPCB Proposed System