1. The University of Texas at Austin Spring 2011 CAEE Department, Architectural Engineering Program Course: HVAC Design ARE 346P/CE 389H/ARE 389H Instructor: Dr. Novoselac, Atila ECJ, 5.422 Office (512) 475-8175 e-mail: atila@mail.utexas.edu http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 11:00 – 12:00 p.m.

2. Objectives Introduce course syllabus and establish ground rules Describe class content Address any of your concerns

3. Introduce yourself Who are you? Grad/undergrad? Department? Your professional interest?

4. HVAC systems Systems that: Cost very much (residential 10-20%, commercial 20-50% of total cost) Uses the most energy Most strongly influences our comfort Has great potential to improve/degrade our health No longer taught in ME ( at UT ) Very high demand for graduates

5. Motivation for studying HVAC systems Responsible for ~40% of energy consumption ~90% of our time is spent indoors HVAC systems are a central part of every building

6. Prerequisites (not strictly enforced) Building Environmental Systems Familiarity with HVAC Thermodynamics Psychrometrics, phase change, properties Fluid Mechanics Flow in pipes and ducts, non-dimensional numbers Heat Transfer Conduction, convection, radiation

7. 1.Apply fundamental physical principles to HVAC design 2.Describe and size each component in an HVAC system 3.Design HVAC systems based on manufacturer’s datasheets 4.Contrast residential systems with commercial systems and use appropriate design techniques for each type of system 5.Solve HVAC design problems with high-quality references Course Objectives

8. Course Topics Background, Introduction and Review2 wks Heating and Cooling Loads1 wk Psychrometrics and mass transfer1 wk Air conditioning and refrigerant cycles2 wks Chillers and Boilers1 wk Coils and heat exchangers2 wks Ducts, air, and water systems2 wks Large HVAC Systems2 wk HVAC Control2 wk Final Project, field trip1 wk 15 wks

9. What am I NOT covering? Detail calculation of Cooling/Heating loads Human comfort/Indoor air quality Furnaces and boilers Absorption cycle refrigeration Energy generation

10. This is a skills class I expect you to come away from this class and be able to understand everything that you see in an HVAC system or know where to go to learn about it. You will be able to size most HVAC components, design smaller and medium size systems and understand larger systems

11. Kuehn, T.H.; Ramsey, J.W.; Threlkeld, J.L. 1998. Thermal Environmental Engineering (3rd Edition) Prentice Hall ISBN: 0139172203 First edition was 1962 Excellent graduate/undergraduate textbook Thorough, fundamental, many examples Look forward to your opinion Other books are optional Textbook

12. Mid-Term Exam25% Project30% Homework Assignments40% Participation 5% 100% Homework is a large part of your grade ~ Weekly assignments, reducing in intensity by the end of semester 10% penalty per day for late assignments You are allowed to work together, but each student must prepare their own solution Grading

13. Project (30%) Final Project (30%) individual/group Design HVAC component Assigned 4/12, due 5/5 Final project will have written (short) and oral components

14. Exam (25%) One open-book midterm exam: April 12 tentative 1 or 2 longer problem(s) Few short answer questions

15. Participation My assessment of your participation in the class 5% of total grade How to get participation points Come to class and be on time Submit all assignments/project on time Participate in class

16. My Issues Please don’t come to my office between 8:30 and 9:30 am on Tuesday and Thursday Class preparation Please don’t use e-mail to ask me “content” questions Call me or come see me Suggestion are welcome

17. Course Website All class information online http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac/class es/ARE389H/http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac/class es/ARE389H/ PLEASE LET ME KNOW ABOUT ERRORS

18. TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE DateTopicsDue date for 01/1 Course introduction and terminology 01/20 Review: Thermodynamics 01/25 Review: Heat transfer 01/2 Review: Fluid dynamics 02/01 No class (ASHRAE meeting) make up will be a Field trip 02/0 Psychrometric chartHW1 02/0 AHU & Psychometrics 02/1 Psychrometric processes 02/15 HVAC Systems 02/1 Cooling towers 02/22 Refrigeration CyclesHW2 02/2 Refrigeration Systems 03/0 Refrigerants 03/03 Refrigeration System Components 03/08 Heat Exchangers I 03/10 Heat Exchangers IIHW3 03/22 Heat Exchangers III, Example

19. TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE DateTopicsDue date for 03/2 Air distribution components 03/29 Duct design 03/31 FansHW4 04/05 Pumps and plumbing sizing 04/07 Review 04/12 Course projects and Exam ( Exam will be out of class time) Exam 04/14 Principle of HVAC Control 04/19 Variable air volume systems 04/21 Final Project and Load Calculation 04/26 Automatic Control for HVAC systemsProject 04/28 Residential vs. Commercial HVAC Systems 05/03 Review (Field trip – out of class time) 05/05 Project discussionProject Continues from previous page

20. Missed Class Need to miss one classes Tuesday 02/01 (ASHRAE Meeting) Make-up Class: Field trip

21. Any Questions ?

22. The Big Picture HVAC systems need to provide conditioned and acceptable air quality in buildings Heating, Cooling, Ventilation Heating, cooling, ventilation loads

23. Systems: Heating Make heat (furnace, boiler, solar, etc.) Distribute heat within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange heat with air (coils, strip heat, radiators, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers)

24. Systems: Cooling Absorb heat from building (evaporator or chilled water coil) Reject heat to outside (condenser) Refrigeration cycle components (expansion valve, compressor, concentrator, absorber, refrigerant) Distribute cooling within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange cooling with air (coils, radiant panels, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers, reheat)

25. Systems: Ventilation Fresh air intake (dampers, economizer, heat exchangers, primary treatment) Air exhaust (dampers, heat exchangers) Distribute fresh air within building (ducts, fans) Air treatment (filters, etc.) Controls (thermostat, CO 2 and other occupancy sensors, humidistats, valves, dampers)

26. Systems: Other Auxiliary systems (i.e. venting of combustion gasses) Condensate drainage/return Dehumidification (desiccant, cooling coil) Humidification (steam, ultrasonic humidifier) Energy management systems

27. Cooling coil Heat transfer from air to refrigerant Extended surface coil Drain Pain Removes moisture condensed from air stream Condenser Expansion valve Controls Compressor

28. Heating coil Heat transfer from fluid to air Heat pump Furnace Boiler Electric resistance Controls

29. Blower Overcome pressure drop of system Adds heat to air stream Makes noise Potential hazard Performs differently at different conditions (air flow and pressure drop)

30. Duct system (piping for hydronic systems) Distribute conditioned air Remove air from space Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

31. Diffusers Distribute conditioned air within room Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

32. Dampers Change airflow amounts Controls outside air fraction Affects building security

33. Filter Removes pollutants Protects equipment Imposes substantial pressure drop Requires Maintenance

34. Controls Makes everything work Temperature Pressure (drop) Air velocity Volumetric flow Relative humidity Enthalpy Electrical Current Electrical cost Fault detection

35. Goals of this class Use thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, control theory, physics, critical analysis to design HVAC systems that work