1. Galileo’s Amazing Discoveries
What did he see?
What explanations did he create?
How were these theories tested?
How did he share the information?
Galileo

2. Galileo’s Observations
Moon’s Surface
Galileo

3. The Moon’s Rough Surface
Craters & Mountains
Counter to Aristotelean idea (& Catholic Church) that "heavens" were perfect…
Galileo

4. Sunspots More proof heavens weren't perfect.
Systematic observations of the motion of the sunspots that indicated the Sun was rotating on its axis.
Galileo

5. Moons Orbiting Jupiter
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6. Moons Orbiting Jupiter
Jupiter's moons clearly did NOT orbit the Earth, as the geocentric model required
Jupiter could hold onto its moons while it clearly moved across the sky, so the Earth could also do the same with its Moon.
Galileo

7. Stars in the Milky Way millions of stars in the Milky Way
Fuzzy white Milky Way had millions and millions of stars
Galileo

8. Saturn’s Bulge
Non-uniform shape of Saturn = the heavens weren't perfect.
Saturn was NOT round, and the "bulges" of the rings were proof that the planets weren’t simple spheres moving in the sky.
Galileo

9. Venus’ Phases Changing sizes & phases of Venus.
Seeing BOTH prove it had to be orbiting the Sun, and not Earth.
If Venus orbited the Sun, then it didn't orbit Earth, and the Geocentric model was wrong.
Galileo

10. Venus’ Phases
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11. The Process of Science Observation Description of Experiments
Encouragement for others to repeat
Sharing Hypotheses
Publishing for Others to Read
Revising explanations
Galileo