1. ASTIGMATISM

2. Astigmatism

3. Astigmatism ASTIGMATISM MEANS THAT THE CORNEA IS OVAL, LIKE A FOOTBALL ASTIGMATISM MEANS THAT THE CORNEA IS OVAL, LIKE A FOOTBALL

4. Astigmatism A normal cornea has spherical shape A normal cornea has spherical shape Most astigmatic corneas have two curves Most astigmatic corneas have two curves Astigmatism often occurs along with nearsightedness or farsightedness Astigmatism often occurs along with nearsightedness or farsightedness

5. Astigmatism Signs, Symptoms, and Causes Signs, Symptoms, and Causes Blurred vision near and distance Astigmatism is usually hereditary Many people born with an oblong cornea Astigmatism may also result from an eye injury

6. Astigmatism

7. Astigmatism Detection and Diagnosis Detection and Diagnosis Astigmatism can be corrected with Astigmatism can be corrected with a. Eyeglasses b. Contacts C. Surgically

8. Astigmatism

9. Astigmatism

10. Astigmatism

11. Astigmatism test

12. Astigmatism Test If you do not see all the lined squares, in the same black color, if you do see one or more squares grey, you then have an astigmatism. If you do not see all the lined squares, in the same black color, if you do see one or more squares grey, you then have an astigmatism. ASK FOR A SPECIALIST ADVICE!!! ASK FOR A SPECIALIST ADVICE!!!

13. Astigmatism Test Close one eye and then the other one

14. Astigmatism Treatment Most common surgeries used to correct astigmatism are: Most common surgeries used to correct astigmatism are: Astigmatic Keratotomy Astigmatic Keratotomy LAZIK LAZIK The objective of these procedures is to reshape the cornea from oval to spherical or uniformly curved The objective of these procedures is to reshape the cornea from oval to spherical or uniformly curved

15. Eyelid held open & aligned

16. flap cut back exposing inner layers

17. Suction plate

18. Cornea flattened, inner eyelid of cornea eposed

19. flap folded back

20. Tracking ring

21. Flap returned

22. Closing the flap

23. Astigmatism Conclusion: Depending on the type and severity of astigmatism it can be treated and corrected by eyeglasses, contacts, and surgery. In all three procedures the oblong cornea is corrected to its spherical form cornea.

24. Astigmatism Resources http:images.google.com http:images.google.com http://www.perret- optic.ch/optometric/test http://www.perret- optic.ch/optometric/test http://www.perret- optic.ch/optometric/test http://www.perret- optic.ch/optometric/test http://www.microscopyu.com http://www.microscopyu.com http://www.microscopyu.com http://www.medindia.net http://www.medindia.net http://www.medindia.net http://www.healthatoz.com/ http://www.healthatoz.com/ http://www.healthatoz.com/