1. War and the Modern Presidency Miller Center of Public Affairs University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA December 7, 2006 Prof. Marc Selverstone Miller Center of Public Affairs University of Virginia “The Virginia Experiment:” Growing Seeds of Democracy in Four Hundred Years of American History

2. President Franklin D. Roosevelt October 8, 1940

3. Source: http://tv.yahoo.com Geena Davis

4. George Washington Source: http://memory.loc.gov

5. President Harry S. Truman Source: http://www.trumanlibrary.org

6. Presidential Roles Chief Economist Chief Diplomat Legislative Leader Party Leader Chief Executive Chief of State Commander in Chief

7. LBJ Diary August 4, 1964 Lyndon Johnson Daily Diary

8. AmericanPresident.org

9. I. Historical Background

10. The Constitution of the United States of America “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States...” Article II, Section 2 Article I, Section 8 “The Congress shall have the Power To... provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States... To Declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; “To raise and support Armies...” “To provide and maintain a Navy... “To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; “To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, surpress Insurrections and repel Invasions...”

11. The Constitutional Convention Source: www.pbs.org

12. Landing at Vera Cruz

13. Congressional Declarations of War England, 1812 Mexico, 1846 Spain, 1898 Germany, 1917 Japan, 1941

14. II. The Modern Wartime Presidency

15. President Woodrow Wilson

16. SOL 9 – The U.S.Enters World Affairs www.vcdh.virginia.edu/solguide

17. III. President Franklin D. Roosevelt

18. FDR Wartime Regulatory Agencies Office of Emergency Management Board of Economic Warfare National War Labor Board Office of Defense Transportation War Production Board

19. Ja nu ary 1, 19 39

20. Presidential Roles Chief Economist Chief Diplomat Legislative Leader Party Leader Chief Executive Chief of State Commander in Chief

21. Relevant Themes Role of the President as Commander in Chief Relationship Between Foreign and Domestic Policy Domestic Political Context of Foreign Policymaking Relationship Between Intelligence and Policymaking Challenge of Managing the Press Sheer Complexity of the Presidential Office

22. WhiteHouseTapes.org www.whitehousetapes.org

23. President Franklin D. Roosevelt October 25, 1940

24. President Franklin D. Roosevelt September 27, 1940

25. Source: http://www.trumanlibrary.org/photos/9981a.jpg Executive Order 9981, July 26, 1948

26. The Cold War

27. Korea, 1950-1953

28. IV. President Harry S. Truman

29. Postwar Presidential Deployments Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon in Vietnam Ford in Cambodia Reagan in Lebanon, Libya, and Grenada Bush 41 in Panama and Somalia Clinton in Somalia, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Sudan, Bosnia, and Kosovo

30. V. President Dwight D. Eisenhower

31. VI. President John F. Kennedy

32. October 27, 1962 The Executive Committee of the National Security Council

33. The White House, October 2, 1963 Sec. Def. Robert McNamara, CJCS Maxwell Taylor, and President John F. Kennedy

34. The White House, October 29, 1963 Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy and President John F. Kennedy Source: www.jfklibrary.org

35. The White House, November 4, 1963 President John F. Kennedy, Caroline Kennedy, and John F. Kennedy Jr. Source: www.jfklibrary.org

36. Source: www.lbjlib.utexas.edu VII. President Lyndon B. Johnson

37. Source: www.lbjlib.utexas.edu President Lyndon B. Johnson January 31, 1964

38. http://www.crmvet.org/ Andrew Goodman, James Chaney, Michael Schwerner

39. August 3-6, 1964 Source: www.history.navy.mil U.S.S. Maddox

40. President Lyndon B. Johnson and Robert S. McNamara The White House, July 2, 1965

41. The White House, July 7, 1965 Source: www.lbjlib.utexas.edu Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and President Lyndon B. Johnson

42. Source: www.lbjlib.utexas.edu VIII. President Richard M. Nixon

43. December 21, 1970 Source: www.history.navy.mil President Richard Nixon and H.R. (Bob) Haldeman

44. August 3, 1972 Source: www.lbjlib.utexas.edu President Richard M. Nixon and Henry A. Kissinger