1. PIGMENT PRINTING DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DYE AND PIGMENT PIGMENT
NO AFFINITY TO FIBRE
INSOLUBLE IN WATER
NEED BINDER FOR FIXATION ONTO FIBRE
DYE
AFFININTY TO FIBRE
WATER SOLUBLE OR CAN BE MADE WATER SOLUBLE. EXCEPTION DISPERSE DYE
HELD ON FIBRE DYE-FIBRE INTERACTIVE FORCES

2. BINDER IT IS PRE-POLYMER AVAILABLE IN THE FORM OF AQUESOUS EMULSION
CHEMICAL NATURE
COPOLYMER OF STYRENE-BUTYL ACRYLATE-N-METHYLOL ACRYL AMIDE

3. PRINT > DRY > CURE
MECHANISM OF BINDING
SEQUENCE
PRINT > DRY > CURE
DURING CURING: BINDER POLYMERISES AND FORMS A STRONG FILM
BINDER FILM EMBEDES PIGMENT COLOUR AND ALSO STRONGLY ADHARES TO THE FIBRE

4. CHOICE OF THICKENER
CONVENTIONAL THICKENER USED FOR DYE PRINTING ARE NOT SUITABLE
THEY INTERACT WITH BINDER AND REDUCE ITS INTERATION WITH FIBRE. THUS AFFECTING THE FASTNESS PROPERTIES
SUITABLE THICKENERS
EMULSION THICKENER – ZERO SOLID CONTENT THICKENER
SYNTHETIC THICKENER - VERY LOW SOLID CONTENT THICKENER

5. EMULSION THICKENER
OBTAINED BY EMULSIFICATION OF TWO IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS WITH THE HELP OF EMULSIFIER
TWO TYPES
OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION
WATER-IN-OIL EMULSION
COMMONLY USED IS OIL-IN-WATER

6. PREPARATION OF OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION
BINDER PARTS
WATER PARTS
EMULSIFIER PARTS
UREA PARTS
CMC (4-6% PASTE) 10 PARTS
KEROSENE OIL PARTS
MINERAL TURPENTINE
OIL
VERY SLOW ADDITION OF OIL
CONTINUOUS HIGH SPEED STIRRING
EMULSIFIER: REDUCE SURFACE ENERGY BETWEEN OIL AND WATER
UREA: HYGROSCOPIC AGENT, MINIMIZE WATER EVAPORATION IN CONTINUOUS PHASE
CMC: PROTECTIVE COLLOID

7. EMULSION THICKENER MERITS IDEAL FOR PIGMENT PRINTING DEMERITS
INFLAMMABLE- FIRE HAZARDS
AIR POLLUTION
HIGH COST
FABRIC SMEES DUE TO RESIDUAL k.OIL OR MTO. NOT ACCEPTABLE IN EXPORT MARKET

8. SYNTHETIC THICKENER CHEMICAL NATURE
HIGH MOL.Wt. COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLIC OR METHACRYLIC ACID
HAVE FREE –COOH GROUPS ON POLYMERIC CHAINS WHICH A ROLE IN VISCOSITY BUILD UP
TRADE PRODUCTS: AQUEOUS EMULSION, ACID pH
CONCENTRATION FOR PRINTABLE VISCOSIT 1-2%

9. MECHANISM OF THICKENING
SYNTHETIC THICKENER IN ACID FORM
WATER INSOLUBLE, LOW VISCOSITY, NON-IONIZED –COOH GROUPS
SYNTHETIC THICKENER IN NEUTRIZED FORM
WATER SOLUBLE, SWELLABLE, HIGH VISCOSITY
IONIZED –COOH GROUPS

10. SYNTHETIC THICKENER MERITS NO AIR POLLUTION
NO RISK OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION
NO SPECIAL STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
NO FABRIC SMELL
DEMERITS
ELECTRLYTE SENSITIVITY
SLIGHTLY DULL PRINTS AND HARSH FABRIC FEEL
LONGER DRYING TIME

11. PREPARATION OF THICKENER PASTE
BINDER 100 PARTS
WATER PARTS
SYNTH. THICKENER PARTS
LIQUOR AMMONIA TO pH 8

12. PRINT PASTE COMPOSITION
PIGMENT COLOUR X PARTS
THICKENER PASTE TO MAKE 1000 PARTS
DIAMM. PHOSPHATE 10 PARTS
MELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE 10 PARTS
SEUENCE
PRINT > DRY > CURE AT C FOR 4-5 MIN.
NO WASH

13. MERITS AND DEMERITS
PRACTICALLY ALL TYPES OF FIBRES AND BLENDS CAN BE PRINTED
PIGMENT COLOURS CAN BE READILY MIXED WITH EACH OTHER TO GET QUICK SHADE MATCHING
NO AFTER TREATMENT SUCH AS WASHING, SOAPING REQUIRED
DEMERITS
HARSH FABRIC FEEL DUE TO BINDER FILM
LOW RUBBING FASTNESS