1. Saurabh Bandyopadhyay National Council of Applied Economic Research November **, 2014 Experience with PDA based Survey of Agricultural Outlook

2. Backdrops of the PDA survey MoA compiles Four Advance Estimate of area and production for Kharif and Rabi It was felt that supplementary data on inputs, production condition, market and prices would be of immense importance PDA survey by NCAER is first such attempt, which covered 14 major states and 16 major crops, with special emphasis on NSFM penetration The survey was carried out during December 2012 and January 2013 across 754 sample villages

3. Objectives of the PDA survey To obtain supplementary information on crop outlook situation on real time basis Incorporate the technology of data capture, transmission and retrieval in the process of data collection

4. Outline of the presentation Expectations from the PDA based survey: Strategies and Sample used for the survey Some findings Conclusions and suggestions for future applications

5. Survey process to be faster Better and efficient monitoring Quicker access to data Online coordination Expectations from the PDA based approach to the survey

6. Strategies for data collection Inputs on Rainfall, Crop Damage, Demand, Prices Farmers Village Officials Farmers in Market Traders in Market Market Officials

7. Distribution of Sample Places

8. Q1 = Listing Sheet Q2= Village Schedule Q3=Farmer’s Schedule Q4=Farmer’s in Mandi Q5=Trader’s in Mandi Q6=APMC officials Q7=Resource person Questionnaires: Types and Respondents

9. Allocation of Sample for Different Types of Respondents StateQ1Q2Q3Q4 & Q5Q6 & Q7 AP 52546460306 TN 45026260306 UP 322512412408016 KT 180030300306 HN 15030300204 PB 7530300204 RT 375808005010 MP 150010010006012 MT 225011011005010 JH 135018180153 OD 30020200255 WB 90040400306 AM 020200204 GT 225050500408 BH 172530300306 Total 168757547540530106

10. Monitoring the survey Reports on the number of records received for different questionnaires by village, district, state on real time basis. Listing data evaluated almost instantly and feedback sent to the field agencies for detailed farmer survey.

11. Some Findings from the Survey at the National and Regional Level

12. Selected variables for presentation Outlook related indicators Two input variables: irrigation and credit Disposition of output by the farmers Penetration of NFSM

13. Estimation procedure Data was aggregated to the State and National Level using Sampling Weights

14. Rainfall and overall weather condition

15. Adequacy of rainfall (Max score=3) for Rabi 2013-14

16. Adequacy of rainfall (Max score=3) for Kharif 2013-14

17. Overall weather condition (Max score=3): National and regional overview

18. Pest incidence (% household reporting): Rabi 2013-14

19. Pest incidence (% household reporting): Kharif-2013

20. Crop yield (kg/hectare) under irrigated as well as unirrigated condition for wheat and gram in Rabi 2013-14

21. Crop yield (kg/hectare) under irrigated as well as unirrigated condition for Paddy in Kharif 2013

22. Irrigation: Sources

23. Sources of Irrigation in 2013-14: Tube well domination (Irrigation as % of cultivated area)

24. Adequacy score (Max=3) for irrigation rated by the farmers during Rabi 2013-14

25. Farm credit availability

26. Ease of credit availability (Max score =3)

27. Credit: Average interest rate charged by different categories of lenders (%)

28. Disposition of output

29. Disposition of output: Paddy- Kharif 2013

30. Disposition of output: Wheat-Rabi 2013-14

31. Disposition of output: Pulses- Kharif 2013 (% production)

32. Disposition of output: Pulses- Rabi 2013- 14 (% production)

33. Extent of Livestock Production

34. Livestock Production in 2013-14 (% household engaged in livestock production)

35. NFSM Penetration

36. NSFM penetration: % households reporting participation

37. PDA Survey: Challenges

38. Challenges Collecting quantitative information requires frequent checks at the data collection stage: programs in the PDAs were used to take care of inconsistencies in the responses. Review and feedback to the interviewers were almost in real time/ the very next day: field positioning needs strong back- end support and strong supervision. Power outages affect PDA operations in many parts of northern India. Data networks: problems in eastern states.

39. Our experience Technology support from day 1. Questionnaire design and programming of the questionnaires for the PDAs Training Data capture, transmission and retrieval

40. A few photographs of standing crops taken from the PDA survey

41. Pic-1: UP-Aligarh-Gazipur-Wheat

42. Pic-2: Karnataka- Mysore-Harohalli- Paddy

43. Pic-3: Madhya Pradesh-Dhar -Kheda - Gram

44. Thank You