2. PART I. - -  + S+never+V…+but S V… S+never+V…+without Ving… ( 每 … 必 …) There is no N but V… few N(pl.) + but V… PART II. 部分否定

3. Part III. 意義上否定 the last N + to V that S V fail to V = be unable to not(never) fail to V = V without fail far from = anything but = by no means = not… at all nothing but=only all but= almost cannot but 不得不

4. PART IV. 片語 It goes without saying that… = Needless to say,… cannot…too…( 越 ~ 越好 ; 再 ~ 也不為過 ) not so much (A) as (B) ( 與其說 A 不如說 B) There is no Ving…= It’s impossible to V Little did I think… Little did I dream of …

5. QUIZ 1.It goes __ saying that education is important. 2.You __ be too careful when crossing the street. 3.There is __ knowing what may happen in the future. 4.He is __ but a student. 5.I can’t __ laughing at the sight. 6.There is no mother __ loves her children. 7.I never go to a bookstore __ buying some books. 8.__ his parents are not living. 1.without 2.cannot 3.no 4.nothing 5.help 6.but 7.without 8.Both

6. 倒裝句 PART I. 否定副詞放在句首時要用倒裝 句型 : 否定詞 + beV/ 助動 + S… I have never heard of such a thing.  Never have I heard of such a thing. I know little about him.  Little do I know about him. He had no sooner left than I arrived.  No sooner had he left than I arrived. I didn’t know it until I came back.  Not until I came back did I know it.

7. Only 置於句首時要倒裝 句型 :Only + adv cl./phr. + beV/ 助動 + S… You realize its value only when you lose your health.  Only when you lose your health do you realize its value. We can succeed only by working hard.  Only by working hard can we succeed. I feel happy only in my own home.  Only in my own home do I feel happy.

8. 假設語氣的倒裝 句型 :If S + were/had/should… = Were/Had/Should + S… If John were here now, he would give me a hand.  Were John here now, he would give me a hand. If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam.  Had you studied hard, you would have passed the exam. If it should rain tomorrow, I will stay home.  Should it rain tomorrow, I will stay home.

9. 讓步子句的倒裝句 句型 : Although/Though + S V +adv/adj./n.,S V… =adv/adj./n. as + S V, S V… Although he worked hard, he failed.  Hard as he worked, he failed. Although he is rich, he is not happy.  Rich as he is, he is not happy. Although she is a woman, she is brave.  Woman as she is, she is brave.