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K EY E VENTS IN I NTERNATIONAL S YSTEM D EVELOPMENT.

Published byNathan Beecham Modified over 9 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "K EY E VENTS IN I NTERNATIONAL S YSTEM D EVELOPMENT."— Presentation transcript:

1 K EY E VENTS IN I NTERNATIONAL S YSTEM D EVELOPMENT

2 K EY E VENTS The Beginning 18 th & 19 th Centuries 20 th & 21 st Centuries

3 T HE B EGINNING Why is this building, the Friedensaal, significant to international relations?

4 T REATY OF W ESTPHALIA Signed in 1648- ended the 30 Years War

5 T REATY OF W ESTPHALIA -1648 3 things came out of the Treaty: Sovereignty  States  System

6 18 TH & 19 TH C ENTURIES 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development 1) Demand for Popular Sovereignty 2) Westernization of international system 3) Culmination of multipolar system

7 #1- E VOLUTION OF P OPULAR S OVEREIGNTY 3 things were involved: #1- Historically Raison d’état prevailed ‘Requirements of the State’ Based on ‘the divine right of kings’ Meaning of sovereignty

8 #1- D EMAND FOR P OPULAR S OVEREIGNTY 3 things were involved: #2 - Challenges to raison d’état Push for ‘popular’ sovereignty American Revolution (1776) French Revolution (1789 )

9 #1- D EMAND FOR P OPULAR S OVEREIGNTY Demand caused 3 things to happen: #3- Eventual collapse of dynasties Tsarist Russia Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Imperial China Soviet Union

10 18 TH & 19 TH C ENTURIES 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development 1) Demand for Popular Sovereignty 2) Westernization of international system 3) Culmination of multipolar system

11 W ESTERNIZATION OF I NT ’ L S YSTEM Scientific & Technological Advances Guns & Gunpowder Naval Technology Industrial Revolution Mass production Advances in transportation Advances in communication

12 W ESTERNIZATION OF I NT ’ L S YSTEM Colonization & Imperialism What are these? Where?

13 T HE A MERICAS

14 A FRICA

15 A SIA

16 T HE S UN N EVER S ETS

17 18 TH & 19 TH C ENTURIES 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development 1) Demand for Popular Sovereignty 2) Westernization of International System 3) Culmination of Multipolar System

18 Culmination of Multipolar System Types of World Systems: Unipolar System Bipolar System Multipolar System Modified Multipolar System

19 P OWER P OLES Power Pole Growing Power Power Pole Power Pole Power Pole Growing Power

20 20 TH & 21 ST C ENTURIES World War I - 1914-1919 Bolshevik Revolution - 1917 Post-WWI The Great Depression - 1929 World War II - 1939-1945 Post WWII Cold War Era - 1945-1991 Post CW Era - 1991 to present

21 W ORLD W AR I Treaty of Versailles War Reparations Empires end Austro-Hungarian Empire Ottoman Empire

22 O TTOMAN E MPIRE FROM 1807-1924 All of Austria, Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Large parts of Serbia, Romania Bits of Italy, Montenegro, Poland, Ukraine

23 P OST W ORLD W AR I Rise of Soviet Union Rise of German nationalism The Great Depression - 1929 Munich Conference - 1938 Sudentenland Appeasement Policy

24 W ORLD W AR II European Theater of Operations Pacific Theater of Operations

25

26 P OST W ORLD W AR II Emergence of a Bipolar System Formation of the United NationsUnited Nations Decolonization Reasons for Difficulties for former colonies

27 W AR OF I DEOLOGIES : D EMOCRACY V. C OMMUNISM Securing Interests in Europe United States Marshall Plan, Truman Plan Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)North Atlantic Treaty Organization Soviet Union Eastern European takeover= Eastern Bloc Warsaw Treaty Pact

28 C OLD W AR F OREIGN P OLICY Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis - 1962 US Containment Doctrine Korean War McCarthyism Vietnam War Nixon goes to China - 1972 SU invades Afghanistan - 1979 détenteBrief era of détente Thawing of relations

29 C OLD W AR E RA -T HE R EAGAN Y EARS Détente ends Reagan Administration New Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev - 1985Mikhail Gorbachev Perestroika (economic restructuring) Glasnost (openness) Berlin WallBerlin Wall is torn down - 1989 Eastern Bloc countries follow Fall of the Soviet Union - 1991 End of bipolar system

30 P OST -C OLD W AR E RA Modified Multipolar System Global North v. Global South European Union Expansion of EU in P-CW eraEU Adoption of euro - 1999euro China joins World Trade Organization (WTO)World Trade Organization (WTO)

31 P OST -C OLD W AR E RA 9/11 'War on Terror‘ begins Challenges traditional approach to security War in Afghanistan - 2001 Operation Enduring Freedom Iraq - 2003 Arab Spring Arab Spring - 2011

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