1. The __________ ___________ or ____________ ____________ __________ What is it? Not a graph itself, but a prelude to an important statistical graph

2. The Frequency Table or Frequency Distribution Table What is it? Not a graph itself, but a prelude to an important statistical graph

3. 3 What do Frequency Tables List? A frequency distribution table for quantitative data lists, _____________, the following: 1. All the ______________________ 2. _______________________classes 3. _____________________classes 4. _________________________ classes 5. Grand total ___________________

4. 4 What do Frequency Tables List? A frequency distribution table for quantitative data lists, in table format, the following: 1. All the classes of grouped data 2. Tallies of those classes 3. Frequencies of those classes 4. Relative frequencies of those classes 5. Grand total of # of classes, frequencies and relative frequencies

5. 5 Frequency Table to Histogram What do frequency tables enable statisticians to construct? __________________________

6. 6 Frequency Table to Histogram What do frequency tables enable statisticians to construct? They enable construction of histograms

7. 7 When? When to use a frequency table? When__________________________ _________________________ that a graph of a distribution _____________________________, or when __________________________.

8. 8 When? When to use a frequency table? When quantitative variables take on so many values (in so great a range or spread) that a graph of a distribution is clearer if nearby values are grouped together, or when you want to draw a histogram.

9. 99 Frequency Distribution Table for Continuous Data What is a class on a frequency table? _____________________________________ What is another name for a class in a frequency table? _____________________________________ Determine these 2 things about Classes before constructing any Frequency Distribution Table: 1.___________________________________ 2. ____________________________________

10. 10 Frequency Distribution Table for Continuous Data What is a class on a frequency table? One line on a frequency table What is another name for a class in a frequency table? Continuum Determine these 2 things about Classes before constructing any Frequency Distribution Table: 1.Decide the starting point of the first class 2. Choose class widths before tallying begins

11. 11 Characteristics of the Classes in Frequency Table 1.Data is put in _______-___________________ ______________________________________ 2. Each class ____________________________ 3.Classes are ___________________________ 4.Classes all have________________________ 4.Classes vary __________________________ _____________________________________

12. 12 Characteristics of the Classes in Frequency Table 1.Data is put in classes—A class could be 1 number or more than 1 number 2.Each class represents the same variable 3.Classes are not overlapping 4.Classes all have the same width. 5.Classes vary from 4 to 20, depending on the spread of observations in the data set

13. 13 The Conventions of Writing Classes for Discrete Frequency Tables Rules or Conventions for discrete classes: 1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________ 3. __________________________________

14. 14 The Conventions of Writing Classes for Discrete Frequency Tables Rules or Conventions for discrete classes: 1. Inequalities are not required if class width = 1 2. If class width >1, use rules for continuous classes 3. Data may never fall into > 1 class

15. 15 The Conventions of Writing Classes for Continuous Frequency Tables Rules or Conventions for continuous classes: 1. _________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________ 5. _________________________________________

16. 16 The Conventions of Writing Classes for Continuous Frequency Tables Rules or Conventions for continuous classes: 1. The first inequality ALWAYS is a less than or equal (≤) sign 2. The second inequality is always a less than sign (<) 3. An x is written in between the two signs 4. ‘x’ should be defined 5. Data may NEVER fall into more than one class

17. 17 Other Frequency Table Definitions Class Width A class width is _______________________ ____________________________________ _____________________________________ What is one thing class widths must be? Class widths must ______________________ ______________________________________ Number of Classes Count ________________________________ _____________________________________

18. 18 Other Frequency Table Definitions Class Width A class width is the distance from the first entry on the second line of a frequency table MINUS the first entry on the first line of a frequency table What is one thing class widths must be? Class widths must ALWAYS be consistent for all classes in a frequency table Number of Classes Count the number of lines that have been filled on a frequency table