1. SAE Standards to Support Electro-Mobility
Robert Galyen
Chairman Battery Standards Steering Committee
for Global Ground Vehicle Standards
SAE International
May 18, 2012
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

2. SAE Standards to Support Electro-Mobility
Content
SAE Standards to Support Electro-Mobility
Brief SAE International Overview
Vehicle Electrification – A New Era of Mobility
Vehicle Battery Standards in Development
Recommended Practices Related to Safety in Development
Electro Mobility Technology Enablers
Conductive and Inductive Charging Interface Standards Overview
Other HEV and EV Standards
[Not covered here –Hydrogen Fuel Cell Standard Activities]
Conclusions
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

3. Standards is Our Business
SAE develops international standards
in accordance with WTO Technical Barrier to Trade agreement (TBT)
Coherence
Transparency
Impartiality &
Consensus
Effectiveness &
Relevance
Addressing the concerns of developing countries
Openness
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

4. SAE International Today
40 SAE references in Canadian regulations
78 SAE references in ISO regulations
27 SAE references in UNECE regulations
25 SAE references in Global Technical Regulations
9 SAE references in Japan’s regulations
293 SAE references in US regulations (93 Unique Standards)
37 SAE references in Australian regulations
Global Influence:
128,000 Members From Over 100 Nations
SAE Committee members represent 51 countries
SAE Standards Referenced in countries all over the world
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

5. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
New Era of Mobility
Converging Technologies:
Electrified Automobile
Electric Smart Grid
Connected/Autonomous Vehicle
Vehicle-to-Devices
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

6. The Future of Electrification - Successful Implementation
Challenges:
Consumer Needs
Technology
New Infrastructures
Governmental Regulations
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

7. Is it going to work? Every time? All the time?
The Future of Electrification –
Successful Implementation
SAE J2953 – “Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Interoperability with Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE)” – Work in Progress
Government/Industry Research Project
DOE Project: Advanced Vehicle Testing and Evaluation - Infrastructure Test and Evaluation
Establish requirements, specifications, test procedures and certification processes to ensure the interoperability of PEV’s and PHEV’s and Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE).
Interoperability
Reliability
Charger efficiency
Vehicle to grid communication
Bi-directional power flow
Interoperability
Utilities
Is it going to work? Every time? All the time?
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

8. Electric Vehicle Technology Development
Technology Enablers
New EV Technologies require knowledge and expertise gained through Collaboration
Vehicle Electrification
Energy Storage Devices
Power Electronics and Power Motors
V2V and V2I DSRC Communications
Conductive Charging
Inductive Charging
EV Safety (First and Second responders)
Grid Interface & Communications
Research
Collaborative Efforts
Industry Standards
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

9. SAE Electro-Mobility Ground Vehicle Standards Development Activities
Technology Enablers
SAE Electro-Mobility Ground Vehicle Standards Development Activities
Volunteer, consensus based standards development process
Total Committees: 580
Total Committee Members: 8,064
Total Standards Published : 10, (Ground Vehicle 2,081)
Active Standards: 8, (Ground Vehicle 1,681)
Standards In Development /Review: 657
Vehicle Electrification
EV, PHEV’s
Batteries
Smart Grid
J1772™ Connector
Leading SDO in NIST Roadmap
for Smart Grid interoperability
24 active committees
774 committee members
52 standards developed or in process
SAE International is a leading standards organization identified in the NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid and "Interoperability Standards to Support Plug-In Electric Vehicles."
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

10. Vehicle Battery Standards
SAE Vehicle Battery Standards Committee
The SAE Battery Standards Committee leads the way in standardization for batteries which will play a predominate roll in transportation of the future
Standardization efforts cover all aspects of the cell, module, pack or vehicle for form-fit-function, safety, testing, validation, manufacturing, shipping, transportation, emergency response, service, recovery and recycling through the value chain in society
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

11. Vehicle Battery Standards
SAE Battery Standards Steering Committee
Advanced Battery Concepts
Battery Testing Equipment
Battery Safety
Battery Packaging
Small Task Oriented Vehicle Batteries
Hybrid Battery Testing
Battery Materials Testing
Battery Labeling
Battery Terminology
Battery Electronic Fuel Gauging
Battery Transport
Starter Battery
Battery Recycling
Truck and Bus Batteries
Disconnect & Discharge
Capacitive Energy
Secondary Use
Start/Stop
Battery Standards Steering Committee
Started – Nov. 2009
Current Committee Membership
>420 Representatives
>175 Individual Participants
>140 Companies
OEM’s
Suppliers
Government
Academia
New Committees under Development
Aerospace Battery
Unified Battery Warranty Approach
1st and 2nd Responders Committee
(Hybrid Committee)
18 Committees
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

12. J2990 Recommended Practice on Electrified Vehicle Response for First and Second Responders - WIP
Study Groups
Scope 1
Standardization of Emergency Response Guidelines 2
Identifying Electric Vehicles (“Badging”) 3
Methods for Disabling HV System at the Accident Scene 4
Inspection Process for Vehicle & Batteries Post Crash 5
Tow & Recovery Procedures 6
Isolation of Vehicles in Storage Post-Tow, Prior to Inspection 7
Communication Issues – 24-hour Emergency Number
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

13. Vehicle Sound for Pedestrians/Quiet Cars
J2889/1 Measurement of Minimum Noise Emitted by Road Vehicles
(in ballot)
SAE Human Factors Committee activity launched by SAE Hybrid Committee to address of pedestrians raised by electric drive.
Coordinated with NHTSA, National Federation of the Blind, and OEMs.
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

14. Simply Connecting? Technology Enablers
EV or PHEV require multitude of standards:
Physical connectors
Interfaces
Power levels
Battery standards
Energy exchange protocols
V2G communication protocols (between vehicles and the grid)
Smart Energy 2.0
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

15. System Approach to Safety
Technology Enablers
System Approach to Safety
National Electrical Code
Article 625 – Electric Vehicle Charging System
I – General
II – Wiring Methods
III – Equipment Construction
IV – Control & Protection
V – EV Supply Equipment Locations
On Board Battery Charger UL 2202.
J2929 EV and PHEV propulsion Battery System Safety Standard
J2344 Guidelines for EV Safety
J1766 Recommended Practice for EV / HEV Battery Systems Crash Testing
J2464 EV / HEV RESS Safety and Abuse Testing UL
Personnel Protection Systems for EV Supply Circuits UL
Protection Devices for Use in Charging Systems
UL2594
Outline for Investigation for EV Supply Equipment
IEEE related PEV charging / SG standards: P2030, P1547 & P1901
Charging plug
SAE J1772™
Charging inlet UL 2251.
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

16. EV / PHEV Safety Standards
Linking Standards
IEC EN &2
IEC EN &3
Testing for Lithium-ion cells
FMVSS 305 Electric Powered Vehicles; Electrolyte Spillage and Electrical Shock Protection
SAE J2578
Fuel Cell Vehicle
Safety
SAE J2929
EV/HEV Battery Safety Standard
SAE J1766
EV/PHEV Crash Integrity Testing
SAE J1772™ PEV Conductive Charge Coupler
ISO 23273
Fuel Cell Vehicle
Safety
IEC PEV Conductive Charging System
SAE J2380
Vibration Testing of Electric Vehicle Batteries
SAE J2344
Guidelines for Electric Vehicle Safety
SAE J2464
Electric Vehicle Battery Abuse Testing
ISO 6469
EV Safety
IEC Industrial plugs and socket outlets
EV / PHEV Safety Standards
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

17. EV / PHEV Charging Interface
Technology Enablers
EV / PHEV Charging Interface
SAE Hybrid Vehicle Committees are leading the effort to define charging functionality and standardize the connection hardware from EV to EVSE
SAE-J1772 Standard defines:
Charging capacity & operating voltage by “Level” – AC 1 & 2
Electrical safety & circuit protection of EVSE
Physical properties of the connector
EV to EVSE communications & charging controls
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

18. Next Generation – Combo Connector
Technology Enablers
Next Generation – Combo Connector
Photo courtesy of REMA North America
The Combo Charge Connector” standard sets
the foundation for a combined charging system for
electric vehicles in Europe and North America
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

19. Relevant Standards for the Charging Interface (Europe and US)
Technology Enablers
Relevant Standards for the Charging Interface (Europe and US) 5 4
Interoperability
Charging Topology
SAE J2953/1
IEEE P2030/.1/.2/.3 2
IEEE P1547/.1/.2/.3
SAE J2953/2
Communication
SAE J2847/1
SAE J2931/1
IEEE P1901/.2 3 1
SAE J2847/2
SAE J2931/2
SAE J2836/1
Safety
Connector
SAE J2931/3
SAE J2847/3
SAE J2836/4
IEC 60529
IEC
SAE J2931/4
IEC
SAE J2836/2
IEC
SAE J2847/4
IEC
SAE J2931/5
ISO
SAE J2836/5
SAE J2847/5
SAE J2931/6
ISO 17409
SAEJ1772
SAE J1766
SAE J2344
SAE J2929
SAE J2578
SAE J2464
SAE J2380
SAE J2836/3
SAE J2847/6
SAE J2931/7
ISO/IEC 15118
SAE J2836/6
IEC
IEC 61850
IEC
IEEE 80211P
IEC
IEC
IEC
Courtesy of Initiative Charging Interface by Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche, VW (coordinated by Dr. Heiko
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

20. SAE Communication Standards
Technology Enablers
SAE Communication Standards
SAE J2836 ™
Use cases
Scope
SAE J2847
Detailed Info
Messages /1
Utility Programs * /2
Off-Board Charger Communications
Off-Board Charger Communications /3
Reverse Energy Flow /4
Diagnostics /5
Customer and HAN /6
Wireless charging
Wireless Charging
Note: J2836/3 (Reverse Power Flow) use cases (WIP) coordinated with IEEE & .8 specs.
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

21. SAE Communication Standards
Technology Enablers
SAE Communication Standards
SAE J2931
Scope /1
Power Line Carrier Communications for Plug-in Electric Vehicles /2
In-Band Signaling Communication for Plug-in Electric Vehicles /3
PLC Communication for Plug-in Electric Vehicles /4
Broadband PLC Communication for Plug-in Electric Vehicles /5
Telematics Smart Grid Communications between Customers, Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PEV), Energy Service Providers (ESP) and Home Area Networks (HAN) /6
Digital Communication for Wireless Charging Plug-in Electric Vehicles /7
Security for Plug-in Electric Vehicle Communications
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

22. Technology Enablers Wireless Charging of EV’s & PHEV’s
SAE J2954 Standard in Development
Inductive Charging Technologies
Wireless Connection
Power Transfer Communications
Smart Grid Interoperability / Programmability
Level 2 Charging (3.3 kWh)
Battery System Fault Monitoring
Automatic Shutdown Capability
Wireless Charging of EV’s & PHEV’s
Who’s Involved?
Auto and Commercial Vehicle OEM’s (11)
Automotive Suppliers
Organizations (laboratories, government agencies, universities, SDO’s, power companies)
Potential Charging Locations:
Residential
Public
On-Road
Static (parking lots, curb side)
Dynamic (embedded in roadway)
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

23. Other Supporting SAE EV, HEV, and PHEV Standards
Technology Enablers
Other Supporting SAE EV, HEV, and PHEV Standards
SAE JXXXX
Scope
1711
Recommended Practice for Measuring the Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Economy of Hybrid-Electric Vehicles, Including Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles
2344
Guidelines for Electric Vehicle Safety
2894
Power Quality Requirements for Plug-in Electric Vehicle Chargers – in ballot.
1715
Hybrid Electric (HEV) & Electric Vehicle EV) Terminology – version – revision in progress.
1773
SAE Electric Vehicle Inductively Coupled Charging
2907
Power Rating Method for Automotive Electric Propulsion Motor and Power Electronics Sub-System – defined; work not started.
2908
Power Rating Method for Hybrid-Electric and Battery Electric Vehicle Propulsion – defined; work not started.
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

24. SAE Standards to Support Electro-Mobility
Conclusions
SAE Standards to Support Electro-Mobility
SAE Standards to support Electro-Mobility (Finished or in Development) include:
Vehicle Battery Standards - in Development
Recommended Practices for Responders and Safety - in Development
Electro Mobility Technology Enablers
Conductive and Wireless Charging Interface Standards
Other HEV and EV Standards
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium

25. SAE Contacts Keith Wilson Technical Project Manager
SAE International – Global Ground Vehicle Standards
755 W. Big Beaver, Suite 1600
Troy, MI USA
Office:
Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium