1. Rise to Power -Conditions -Aims -Extent of achievement Methods -Use of force -Incentives Form of Governance -Left, center, right -Ideology -Support Nature, Extent & Treatment of the Opposition Structure and Organization of Gov. and Admin. Political, economic, social, religious policies Role of Education, Arts, Media, Propaganda Status of Women and Treatment of Religious Groups and Minorities -Influenced by Comm. Manifesto (Marx & Engles) -Conditions: -Czar, poor econ., Peasant unrest, No Industry, famines *1905: Bloody Sunday, Manifesto, Duma *1917: Feb Revolution: Provisional Gov. Kerensky (WWI) **Exile in Europe  $$ & ideas… *Oct. (Bolshevik) Revolution 1917 -Join Bolsheviks? *Bread, Land & Peace!!!! Civil War: -War Communism -Single Party State New Economic Policy (eventual transition to socialism, communism….) -Left on political spectrum -Ideally Communist rule -USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) -Politburo (in Kremlin) -Soviets (divisions of land & people) -Single Party state -Do not tolerate opposition -Oppression of other political parties **1921: Kronstadt revolt** Civil War: Fight against -white army (czarists / monarchists) -Allied powers WWI -Nationalities -Lenin = #1 -USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) -Politburo (in Kremlin) -Soviets (divisions of land & people) Political: -Single party state -USSR -Communism Economic: -War communism -NEP Social: -Critical of Kulaks & Ethnic groups Religious: -Atheism -Enemy of Orthodox Church -Literacy campaign -Pravda -Propaganda  posters (explain policies), art,… Ban religion *Communist system = women are equals (but not in practice) V.I. Lenin (1870-1924) Leader of Russian SFSR (1917-1924), Premier of USSR 1921-24 Name: _______________

2. Rise to Power -Conditions -Aims -Extent of achievement Methods -Use of force -Incentives Form of Governance -Left, center, right -Ideology -Support Nature, Extent & Treatment of the Opposition Structure and Organization of Gov. and Admin. Political, economic, social, religious policies Role of Education, Arts, Media, Propaganda Status of Women and Treatment of Religious Groups and Minorities -Communist Manifesto 1948… appealing… Russia – P-E-S a mess Social Democrat… BOLSHEVIKS 1905 = FAIL 1917 Prov. gov = Failing (WWI)  Lenin in exile in Europe  Oct 1917 Rev -Garnering support in 1900s in Europe -Promises: --Bread, Land and Peace --Get out of WWI (Brest- Litovsk) Civil War (1918-21): -War Communism -Strategic retreat  NEP -Left Communism From Marxism to Leninism *Civil war, NEP… Social democrats – break btwn Mensheviks &Bolsheviks (reunite during civil war) Single party state – eliminate opposition Civil War  vs. White Army (czar) & ethnic groups & allies of WWI *Kronstadt #1 = Lenin (single party state, authoritarian) Communist party Politburo USSR (union of Soviet Socialist Republics) *Soviet Religion: -Atheists Economy: -War communism -NEP??? Politics: Communism -Lenin Social: -critical of Kulaks & ethnic minorities #1 priority = literacy Pravda Propaganda posters (info charts) -Atheists -Ideally women are equals….. -soldiers -factory -farmers & mothers, homemaker V.I. Lenin (1870-1924) Leader of Russian SFSR (1917-1924), Premier of USSR 1921-24 Name: _______________

3. Rise to Power -Conditions -Aims -Extent of achievement Methods -Use of force -Incentives Form of Governance -Left, center, right -Ideology -Support Nature, Extent & Treatment of the Opposition Structure and Organization of Gov. and Admin. Political, economic, social, religious policies Role of Education, Arts, Media, Propaganda Status of Women and Treatment of Religious Groups and Minorities Communism (Marx ‘48) Anarchist brother (executed by Czar) Exile- Siberia, Europe 1905: Fail 1917: Provisional gov. & WWI … Bolshevik Rev, Oct. 1917: -Bread, Land, Peace Civil War  War Communism New economic policy (NEP) ….transition to socialism to comm… *Single Party State *Eliminate enemies -Left -Comm. Manifesto -Marxism  Leninism -Social democrats – Bolsheviks & Mensheviks Base of support: peasants, proletariat Red Army Bolsheviks vs. Mensheviks (reunite during civil war) Civil War: -Czar, white army -Allies of WWI -ethnic groups **1921: Kronstadt sailor revolt Elimination of enemies #1 = Lenin Politburo USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics *Soviet (SSRs) “Vanguard of the elite” Political: -Single party state Economic: -War Communism -NEP Social: -Critical of Kulaks & ethnic groups Religious: -Atheists Pravda – voice of revolution (news) #1 Ed. Priority = literacy Propaganda Women in theory are…equals …in practice… No religion Critical of ethnic groups… V.I. Lenin (1870-1924) Leader of Russian SFSR (1917-1924), Premier of USSR 1921-24 Name: _______________