1. John Dhuyvetter NCREC

2.  Situation  Stockpile roughage  Other sources  Stretching supply  Reducing need

3.  Japan to accept beef under 30 months  Feedlot placements lower than expected  Cargill closes Texas plant  2013 cattle prices expected to rise  Hay stocks lowest in five decades  Drought widens and worsens

7.  Large ND carryover of 2011 record hay crop  Good hay crop over much of state in 2012 with large harvest of CRP  Extreme shortage to south resulting in huge movement on pipe truck back hauls to SD, NE, WY, CO  Prices variable and generally twice what are typical  NDASS survey hay prices  10/11alfalfa$71other $53  10/12alfalfa$141other $87  National 2012-2113 $195/t

8. adult damage larvae  Very disappointing first cutting  Marginal or no second cutting

9.  Low cost / low quality Straw CRP slough  Drained site / rowed  Plastic twine/net  Early-opportunity purchases

10. PRINCIPLES  Grazing readiness 3 leaf, late May  Stimulatory light grazing June 1 –July 15  Growing season rest 30-50 days  Maintain residual cover stock to take half / leave half  3-4 pasture, twice over  Greater root reserves and development  Greater infiltration and stored moisture  Faster nutrient cycling and greater N status  Reduced soil temps and evaporation  Less impact of drought with some banked grazing and greater production BENEFITS

11. June 30, 2006. 2.04” rain to date. 2.3 AUM/acre during 2005 grazing season No use as yet in 2006

12.  Corn stalks for dry cows  1-1.5 acre/cow/month  Annual forage  Millet, oat, sudex  Swath graze  Graze Hay land  Damaged/abandoned crops  Post harvest cover crop  Move cows to better region

13.  Use Hay or graze  Season Cool or warm  Input costs Seed Fertilizer Herbicides  Other Drought tolerance Establishment Diversity/complexity Toxicity

14. 2006 Hay Quality Survey TypeADFNDF%CP%TDN CRP42687.155 Hay Barley346013.062 Oat Hay356110.661 Oat/Pea325612.865 Wheat Hay325914.064 Millet346411.163 Sudex305413.366 Alfalfa415415.656 Alfalfa/Grass376012.057 Cereal Straw50784.244 Pea Straw52665.443 Slough Hay38667.552

15. CropstageYieldTDNCP Forage peaFlat pod1.46521 Forage oatEarly milk3.66213 Forage barley2.86213 Forage triticaleflower3.56114 Oat-pea2.66616 Barley-pea2.56417 Triticale-pea3.26014 German millet2.86212.8 Pearl millet2.46215.5 Sudan grass3.05911 Sorghum sudan3.06112.4 BMR sorgxsud2.46112.5

16.  Stocking rates  Destocking plans Evaluate forage growth Target dates Target animals

17.  Consider weaning 120-150 days  Conserve 3-4 lbs/d pasture forage for cows  Maintain cow condition  Excellent calf gains and health  Added costs ?

18.  Trait optimums Mature size Milk type  Selection/culling Open/late Condition production

19.  Daily feeding  Limit feeding  Processing  Feeder options

22. 1234 Mixed hay6 Grass hay20 CRP hay3256 Corn Silage30 Wheat straw10 Feed barley12 Corn DDGS22 mineral.1.3 32% liquid1.5 $/day1.601.541.481.90 lb/day33.627.146.220.4 CP/TDN8/5310/599/5712/74  Inventory hay  Allocate to remainder of feeding period by limit feeding  Minimum 5-10 lbs  Cost compare available feed alternatives  Balance energy and protein needs with limit fed grain and or byproducts  Use straw or stalks as free choice filler  Provide bunk space

23.  Water  Mineral

24.  Oct 2011bought cheap CRP hay  Dec 2011rented some additional pasture  Apr 2012rented more pasture  Jun 2012sorted out old pairs  Jul 2012sold old cows early weaned calves  Jul 2012found hailed winter wheat to buy  Jul 2012limited heifer breeding to 1 cycle  Aug 2012contracted DDGS  Aug 2012shipped cows to better area  Sep 2012 placed calves in feedlot early  Dec 2012building partial partial confinement

25.  Try to bank some low cost feed when opportunity arises  Expand forage base with residue and annuals  Inventory, test, evaluate, and plan, plan, plan  Stock conservatively and be prepared to cull, wean, sell  Protect the condition and value of cattle and range