1. The 14 th Century (1301-1400 ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1300 1350 1400 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. Start of Black Plague (lasts into 18 th c) Peasants who survive black plague have increased standard of living 1 st Hundred Years’ War In the Middle Ages, Kings were relatively weak compared to clergy and nobles. The Great Schism John Wycliffe (Founds the Lollards) Jan Hus Medieval Universities w/ a focus on scholasticism Medieval Gothic Architecture Dante’s Divine Comedy Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales Christine Pisan Wealth building up in Italian City Sates from Asia-Europe Trade Florence becomes a European power, based on banking and wool trade Petrarch- Father of Humanism

2. The 15 th Century (1401-1500 ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1400 1450 1500 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. Joan of Arc 1 st Hundred Years’ War The Great Schism Jan Hus Christine Pisan Medici family rules in Florence – example of signiori Savonarola Pico della Mirandola Gutenburg’s movable type printing press Laura Cereta Northern Renaissance and Christian Humanism Erasmus Rise of the ‘New Monarch’ or ‘Renaissance Princes’ French New Monarchs- Charles VII, followed by Louis XI, followed by Louis XII English- War of The Roses…evidence of weak kings Rise of English New Monarchs under Tudors – Henry VII and then VIII Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain Reconquista & Columbus’ 1 st Voyage Establishment of the Spanish Inquisition Ferdinand and Isabella engineer marriages leading to Habsburg empire Lorenzo Medici (the magnificent) Renaissance Humanism Fear in Europe of Ottoman Turks on Eastern Borders Prince Henry the Navigator Dias- Portuguese- Rounds Cape of Good Hope Portuguese De Gama reaches India Columbus discovers New World Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Empire Treaty of Tordesillas Nobles in Eastern and Central Europe tighten their grip on serfs (kings are 1st among equals) and sell additional agriculture to the west Ivan III (Russia) throws off the rule of the Mongol Khans in Russia

3. The 16 th Century (1501-1600 ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1500 1550 1600 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. The High Renaissance Catliglione’sThe Courtier Machiavelli’s The Prince Thomas More’s Utopia Erasmus Rabelais Rise of English New Monarchs under Tudors – Henry VII and then VIII Charles V- Habsburg Martin Luther 95 Theses Written Peace of Augsburg Phillip II- Spanish Habsburg HRE is Split into Spanish and Austrian Branches Ferdinand I- Austrian Habsburg John Calvin Calvin’s Geneva executes Servetus Henry VIII- England Henry VIII forms Anglican Church Reign of Edward VI of England Reign of ‘Bloody; Mary Tudor of England Reign of Elizabeth Tudor of England (the ‘Virgin’ Queen John Knox Counter-Reformation is started by the Roman Catholic Church Council of Trent Founding of Ursuline Order Loyola Ignatius Founding of Society of Jesus aka Jesuits Protestant Reformation French Concorde of Bologna Habsburg-Valois Wars (for Italian city states)- Result in a foreign-dominated Italy French New Monarchs- … followed by Louis XII Francis I of France Henry II of France St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre War of the Three Henry’s Ascension of politique King Henry IV Wars of Religion- Catholic attempt to stomp out Protestantism 1 st Half of the Wars of Religion French part of the1 st Half of the Wars of Religion William of Orange ‘the silent’ Mary Queen of Scots beheaded Spanish Armada sails at England Dutch part of the1 st Half of the Wars of Religion English, Spanish, Dutch part of the1 st Half of the Wars of Religion Spanish use New World Riches to beat back Protestant Reformation Fear in Europe of Ottoman Turks on Eastern Borders Age of Exploration Magellan circumnavigates the World Cortes subdues Aztecs Pizarro subdues Inca Spain’s ‘Golden Century’ Shakespeare Michel de Montaign Spain’s (and Europe’s) Price Revolution European Witch Hunts Diet of Worms Edict of Nantes De Las Casas Criticizes treatment of Native Americans HRE Peasant Revolt-inspired (but rejected) by Luther Dutch Golden Age Henry IV of France aka Prince Henry of Navarre aka Good King Henry Duke de Sully King James I (England) Nobles in Eastern and Central Europe tighten their grip on serfs (kings are 1 st among equals) and sell additional agriculture to the west Ivan IV (the Terrible) Copernicus Copernicus’ On the Heavenly Spheres Brahe Pilgrimage of Grace to Protest Anglican Church Tetzel Selling Indulgences Charles V Sacks Rome ending Italian Renaissance

4. The 17 th Century (1601-1700 ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1600 1650 1700 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. English, Spanish, Dutch part of the1 st Half of the Wars of Religion Shakespeare European Witch Hunts Rise of Baroque Art King James’ Bible Catholic Edict of Restitution Thirty Years War Defenestration of PraguePeace of Westphalia Gustavus Adolphus Louis XIII Cardinal Richelieu Dutch Golden Age Henry IV of France Duke de Sully Louis XIV The Fronde Louis XIV moves the French court to Versailles French Absolutism (which goes along with French classicism and French as European lingua franca) King James I (England) King Charles I (England) Execution of King Charles I (England) English Civil War Thomas Hobbes Oliver Cromwell Interregnum Charles II (England) James II (of England) Navigation Acts (England) William of Orange (English Dutch Glorious Revolution guy) Mary of Orange (English-Dutch English Glorious Revolution girl) Glorious Revolution (England) John Locke English Bill of Rights Cervantes’ publishes Don Quixote Louis XIV builds up a massive and professional French army Nobles in Eastern and Central Europe tighten their grip on serfs (kings are 1st among equals) and sell additional agriculture to the west Eastern and Central European monarchs begin to reassert power Ottomans lay siege to Vienna Frederick William ‘The Great Elector’ Peter the Great Johannes Kepler Galileo Isaac Newton Newton’s Principia published Francis Bacon Rene Descartes Rise of Cottage Industry (early Capitalism) Charles ‘Turnip’ Townsend Wars between the League of Augsburg and Louis XIV Jean Baptiste Colbert The Long Parliament Hobbes- Leviathan Locke’s Two Treaties on Gov’t Cardinal Mazarin

5. The 18 th Century (1701-1800 ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1700 1750 1800 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. Louis XIV Pragmatic Sanction Frederick William I (the Soldier King) (Prussia) Peter the Great St. Petersburg built Maria Theresa (Austria) Isaac Newton Baron de Montesqueiu Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws is published Voltaire Madam de Chatalet Publication of Diderot’s Encyclopedia Enlightenment Enlightenment- moderate phase Enlightenment- more extreme phase David Hume Jean-Jaques Rousseau Rousseau’s The Social Contract Boom in publishing of books for the educated public Frederick the Great Frederick the Great steals Silesia from Maria Theresa War of the Austrian SuccessionSeven Years’ War Catherine the Great Catherine the Great is involved in a coup against her own husband, Peter III Poland is gobbled up by Austria, Prussia, and Russia Maria Theresa Joseph II (Austria) Duke d’Orleans restores power of remonstrating royal decrees to French Parlament of Paris Anti-Royal ‘under the cloak’ literature circulates in France Agricultural Revolution of Crop Rotation and Enclosure Jethro Tull’s Seed Drill European Population boom One of the last outbreaks of Black Plague Rise of Cottage Industry (early Capitalism) Rise of the Atlantic Economy and Trade – Britain’s lost European trade is being more than made up for in the colonies- Commercial Revolution England and Scotland become Great Britain Adam Smith Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations is published Capitalism- liberal idea about economics Second Hundred Year’s War War of the Spanish Succession Death of Carlos II (wills Spain to Bourbons) Formation of the Grand Alliance against Louis XIV Treaty of Utrecht First Treaty of Paris Jenner’s Smallpox Vaccine Charles ‘Turnip’ Townsend Wars between the League of Augsburg and Louis XIV Stamp Act British tax on tea George Washington American Revolution Coercive acts Paine’s Common Sense Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence Treaty of Paris (#2) French Revolution Napoleon comes to power Storming of the Bastille Reign or Terror Declaration of the Rights of Man Execution of Louis XVI The Great Northern War French Revolution Napoleon Louis XVI Olympe De Gouges Robespierre Louis XVIII Industrial Revolution- England Only! Horatio Nelson Hargreaves’ Spinning Jenny Invented Cartwritght’s Power Loom Widespread Use of Watt’s Improved Steam Engine Malthus’ Principle on Population

6. The 19 th Century (to Congress of Vienna only ) Hansen AP Euro- Semester 1 Final Review 1800 1850 PeoplePeople EventsEvents Misc./ Themes. Second Hundred Year’s War French Revolution Congress of Vienna Waterloo Invasion of Russia Concordat with the Catholic Church Napoleonic Civil Code The Hundred Days Napoleon Louis XVIII Industrial Revolution- England Only! Horatio Nelson Industrial Revolution- Continental Europe Crystal Palace Exhibition Ricardo’s publications on the’ Iron Law of Wages’ Early Rocket Train Goes From Liverpool to Manchester Industrial Revolution- German and American Growth Explodes German Friedrich List Publishes Work Arguing for Economic Nationalism (Zollverein) Continental Bankers Develop Limited Liability Structure to Encourage Investment in Industry (Credit Mobilier)