1. General Science Final Exam Review
53 Multiple Choice Questions
14 Short Answer Questions

2. Elements and Their Properties
An element is made of only one type of atom. Examples =
Metals are malleable, or can be rolled into sheets. Examples of metals are = tin, copper, cesium,
Any material that is flammable can burn in the presence of oxygen. Examples =

3. Elements
Elements have symbols, or one or two letter representations of the element.
Example = Aluminum’s symbol is Al

4. Mixtures There are two types of mixtures:
Homogeneous mixtures appear to be made of only one type of substance. They are evenly mixed. Examples =
Heterogeneous mixtures have all the substances which make them up plainly visible. These settle over time. Examples = jar of mixed nuts

5. Filtration
To separate a heterogeneous mixture, you will need to use filtration. This separates particles of a mixture based on their size.
Gravity filtration and vacuum filtration

6. Force The SI unit of force is the Newton.
When an unbalanced force acts on an object, the object accelerates. Examples =
The forces on a falling leaf are gravity and air resistance.
The force that keeps objects moving in a circular path is centripetal force.

7. Speed and Acceleration
Instantaneous speed is measured at a particular instant. Speed = distance/time
Objects in free fall experience constant acceleration. Acceleration due to gravity =
An object that is accelerating may be slowing down, gaining speed, or changing direction.

8. Work
Work is a transfer of energy. Examples =

9. Energy Energy of motion is kinetic energy. Examples =
An alternate energy source is solar energy. It cuts down waste, but has many drawbacks, such as the fact that it depends on the climate. Translation =

10. Conservation of Energy
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created, energy cannot be destroyed, and energy can be converted from one form to another.

11. Newton’s Laws
Newton’s Second Law states that acceleration is equal to force divided by mass.
Newton’s Third Law describes action and reaction forces. Examples =

12. Weight
As an astronaut travels in space, her weight decreases because gravity decreases.

13. Geology
Geology is the study of Earth’s composition, structure, and history.
The three main layers of Earth’s interior are the crust, mantle, and core. Drawing =
A break in a rock mass where movement occurs is a fault. Drawing =

14. Geology
An earthquake begins inside the Earth at the focus. Drawing =

15. Caves
Caves are formed by erosion from groundwater. Drawing =

16. Volcano
The characteristics of the magma determine if a volcano will erupt quietly or explosively.

17. Land Movement
A rapid mass movement of a large amount of rock and soil down a slope is a landslide. Drawing =
A sediment deposit formed from when a stream flows into a lake or ocean is a delta. Drawing =

18. Water Cycle
In the water cycle, liquid is changed to gas by evaporation.
Most of Earth’s liquid fresh water is found in groundwater. Drawing =

19. Fluid Pressure
Fluid pressure is greatest at the greatest depth. Example =

20. Clouds and Precipitation
Low, flat layers of clouds that often cover much of the sky and produce steady and widespread rain are nimbostratus clouds. Drawing =
Rain and freezing rain fall as liquid.

21. Atmosphere Most weather takes place in the troposhpere.
The ozone layer is in the upper stratosphere.

22. Zones of the Earth
The zones of the Earth from pole to pole, are polar, temperate, tropic, temperate, polar.

23. Orbit of Earth
Earth orbits around the sun once a year, which is called a revolution.
Day and night are caused by Earth’s rotation.

24. The Universe
Heliocentric means the sun is at the center of the universe. Drawing =
The four terrestrial planets are called terrestrial planets because they are similar in structure to Earth. They are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
Jupiter is the gas giant with the largest diameter.

25. The Universe Comets are mostly ice and rock. Drawing =
Galaxies are classified into four groups based on shape.
The big bang theory explains the origin of the universe.

26. The Moon
The moon has no atmosphere because its gravity is too weak to hold onto gas molecules. Its gravity is 1/6 that of Earth.
Ocean tides are a result in the difference in gravity’s pull by the sun and moon on Earth. Drawing =

27. The Sun and other Stars
The sun’s energy is produced by fusion. Equation =
The distance between stars is measured in light-years.
Astronomers classify stars by their color, size, and absolute brightness.
Stars begin as a ball of gas and dust called a nebula.

28. The Sun and Stars
Stars remain on main sequence 90% of their lifetimes.

29. B is the sun’s convection zone