2. The Crusades and the Black Death

3. The Crusades The Crusades were an attempt by the European Church to “reclaim the Holy Land” Jerusalem had been conquered by Arabs around 640 AD 1095 Pope Urban calls for first Crusade

4. Crusades Christian knights captured parts of Palestine/Syria 7 crusades in all from 1095-1300 including “Children’s Crusade” Popes wanted to keep armies out of Europe and increase power

5. Crusades By 1291 Muslims recapture all lands in “Holy Land” Crusades a failure- BUT- open Europe up to Middle East trading, new knowledge and technologies- Europeans go explore

6. The Plague “Black Death” BUBONIC - The bacteria from flea bite invades lymph node -causes great swelling. Internal bleeding starts Blood dries under the skin and turns black, hence the name "Black Death".

7. The Culprits

8. The Plague Enters Europe from Asia spread by rats Caused 25 million deaths throughout Europe Superstition/ Fear spread in Europe-Jews blamed

9. The Plague Plague affected authority of Church- which did not have answers Feudalism changed- workers so scarce could demand high wages Population wouldn’t increase until 1400s

10. Lancing a Buboe

11. The Disease Cycle Flea drinks rat blood that carries the bacteria. Flea’s gut clogged with bacteria. Bacteria multiply in flea’s gut. Flea bites human and regurgitates blood into human wound. Human is infected!

12. Medieval Art & the Plague

13. Boccaccio in The Decameron The victims ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors.

14. Medieval Art & the Plague Bring out your dead!

16. Attempts to Stop the Plague A Doctor’s Robe “Leeching”

17. The Mortality Rate 35% - 70% 25,000,000 dead !!!