1. Argument Writing An Introductory Guide for Middle School Students

2. An argument in writing IS DIFFERENT THAN ARGUING WITH A PARENT OR FRIEND

3. Characteristics of Argument Writing Convinces reader claim is true Uses evidence—facts and data Acknowledges counterclaims—the other side of the argument

4. An Effective Claim Takes a clear position Has two sides Is narrow enough to be supported within essay Can be supported by facts or citations from a text

5. Types of Claims Cause and effect—a person, thing, or event caused something else to happen Example: Rikki Tikki Tavi’s victory over the snakes was the result of his natural abilities as a mongoose, rather than his desire to protect the people in the cottage.

6. Types of Claims Claims of definition or fact—argue what a definition is or if something is really a fact Example: In the story, “Gift of the Magi,” by O. Henry, the two characters provide an outstanding illustration what what foolish is.

7. Types of Claims Claims about values—argue the worth of something and if it is valued. While Perrault’s “Cinderella” is an interesting story, it is a second-rate story when compared to Grimm’s Cinderella version.

8. Types of Claims Claims about solutions or policies—argue for or against certain approaches to problems. Example: The Capulets have their daughter’s well- being in mind when they follow tradition and make arrangements for her to marry Paris.

9. Addressing the counterclaim… Refutes or proves wrong, another point Recognizes the other side’s points Lends credence to the writer’s claims

10. Components of Effective Argument Writing? Clear and forceful claim Well-constructed argument Strong textual support with lucid explanations of text support Addresses counterclaims Strong conclusion