1. The Neck: Musculature and Bony Anatomy

2. Bony Framework
7 cervical vertebrae
Atlas (C1)
Axis (C2)
C3 - C7

3. Atlas
1 – Articular process
2 – Transverse process
3 – Posterior arch

4. Axis
1 – Dens/Odontoid process
2 – Spinous process

5. Cervical Vertebra 1 – Transverse foramen 2 – Body
3 – Vertebral foramen
4 – Transverse process
5 – Spinous process
6 – Articular process

6. Palpation of bony anatomy
Spinous process; vertebra prominens (C7)
Transverse process

7. Palpation of Bony Anatomy
Hyoid bone
Clavicle
Thyroic cartilage
Cricoid cartilage

8. Intervertebral Discs Annulus fibrosus Nucleus pulposus
Shock absorbers for spine

10. Nerves of the Cervical Spine
7 vertebrae, but 8 nerves
Emerge above corresponding vertebra, except C8 nerve
Brachial plexus – C5-T1
Myotomes and Dermatomes

13. NERVE
MYOTOME C5
Shoulder Abduction C6
Elbow Flexion, Wrist Extension C7
Elbow Extension, Wrist Flexion C8
Thumb Extension, Ulnar Deviation

15. Muscles of the Neck MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION Trapezius
Occiput, Nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T12
Lateral clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula
Extends, Ipsi lateral flex, Contra rotation
Levator Scapulae
TP C1-C4
Medial border of scapula
Extends, Ipsi lateral flex, elevate scapula
Sternocleidomastoid
Sternal: manubrium
Clavicular: medial 1/3 of clavicle
Mastoid process
Flexes, Ipsi lat flex, Contra rotation

16. MUSCLE
ORIGIN
INSERTION
ACTION
Anterior Scalene
TP C3-C6
1st rib
Ipsi lat flex, Elevate 1st rib
Middle Scalene
TP C2-C7
Posterior Scalene
TP C5-C7
2nd rib
Lat flex, Elevate 2nd rib
Longus Colli and Longus Capitus
Ant TP C1-C6
Occiput
Flexion
Rectus Capitis
TP C1
Flexion, Lat flexion

19. The Neck: Common Injuries and Problems

20. Pain Generators Myogenic Discogenic Facet joint, Arthritic
Stenotic (central canal, neuroforamen)
Neurogenic

29. Questions??