1. ASIA Impairment scale

2. Tetraplegia ( quadriplegia ) : injury within the cervical region; loss of motor , sensory function, or both, in the arms, trunk, and legs, as well as loss of bladder, bowel, and sexual function to some degree.
Paraplegia: injury in the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral segments; involvement of the trunk, legs, bowel, bladder, and sexual dysfunction.

3. Neurological level: the most caudal neurological segment that retains normal sensory and motor function on both sides of the body.
A muscle with a strength grade of 3 is considered to have an intact innervation if the next most rostral muscle is grade 5.

4. Complete lesion: absence of sensory or motor function in the lowest sacral segment
Incomplete lesion: either sensory or motor function is present; sacral sparing

5. Motor level
身體左右兩側同時具有正常運動機能之最低脊髓部位，根據10條關鍵肌(Key muscles )之肌力而定

6. Motor level Key muscles C5 Elbow flexors L2 Hip flexors
C6 Wrist extensors L3 Knee extensors
C7 Elbow extensors L4 Ankle dorsiflexors
C8 Finger flexors L5 Long toe extensors
T1 Finger abductors S1 Ankle plantar flexors

7. Muscle power
0=total paralysis
1=palpable or visible contraction
2=active movement, gravity eliminated
3=active movement, against gravity
4=active movement, against some resistance
5=active movement, against full resistance

8. Sensory level Sensory level:左右兩側28 dermatome 之 key sensory point。
a. 測pin-prick與light-touch sensation。
b. 0=absent
1=impaired
2=normal
Sensory level之決定:身體左右兩側同時具有正常感覺機能之最低脊髓部位。

9. key sensory points C2 Occipital protuberance C3 Supraclavicular fossa
C Top of the acromioclavicular joint
C Lateral side of the antecubial fossa
C Thumb
C Middle finger
C Little finger
T Medial(ulnar)side of the antecubiatl fossa
T Apex of the axilla
T Third intercostal space
T Fourth intercostal space (nipple line)
T Fifth intercostal space (midway between T4 and T6)  

10. T6 –T intercostal space
T Tenth intercostal space(umbilicous)
T Eleventh intercostal space
T Inguinal ligament at mid-point
L Half the distance between T12 and L2
L Mid-anterior thigh
L Medial femoral condyle
L Medial malleolus
L Dorsum of the foot at the third metatarsal phalan-geal joint
S Lateral heel
S Popliteal fossa in the midline
S lschial tuberosity
S4-S Perianal area

11. ASIA Impairment Scale
A=Complete: No motor or sensory function is preserved in the sacral segments S4-S5
B=Incomplete:Sensory but not motor functions preserved below the neurological level
C=Incomplete:Motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and the majority of key muscles < 3
D=Incomplete: Motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and the majority of key muscles below the neurological level >= 3
E=Normal:Motor and sensory function is normal