1. Didier De Bruyn & Rafaël Fernandez (SCKCEN), Luigi Mansani (Ansaldo), Antony Woaye-Hune (AREVA), Massimo Sarotto (ENEA) & Evaldas Bubelis (KIT) ICAPP’12 Conference Chicago, 24-28 June 2012 Copyright © 2012 SCKCEN 1 The fast-spectrum transmutation experimental facility FASTEF: main design achievements (part 1: Core & Primary system) within the FP7-CDT collaborative project of the European Commission

2. Table of contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Place of FP7 CDT project in this frame Conclusions of WP2 related to primary system Illustrations of design today Way ahead to construction 2

3. Fission generates High-Level Nuclear Waste 3 U 235 n Pu NpAm Cm Actinides Minor Actinides Neutron Uranium Fission Fuel U 238 n n n U 235 U 238 PlutoniumNeptuniumAmericiumCurium Minor Actinides high radiotoxicity long lived waste that are difficult to store due to:  Long lived (>1,000 years)  Highly radiotoxic  Heat emitting

4. spent fuel reprocessing no reprocessing Uranium naturel Time (years) Relative radiotoxicity transmutation of spent fuel Duration Reduction 1.000x Volume Reduction 100x Motivation for Transmutation 4

5. Reactor Subcritical mode 65 to 100 MWth Accelerator (600 MeV - 4 mA proton) Fast Neutron Source Spallation Source Lead-Bismuth coolant Multipurpose Flexible Irradiation Facility MYRRHA is an Accelerator Driven System Innovative & Unique 5

6. Continuity: SCKCEN has a long tradition of «first of a kind» Inventor of innovative nuclear fuel (MOX fuel) 1st pressurized water reactor (PWR) outside of US (BR3) World first underground laboratory for R&D on HL waste disposal (HADES) World premiere project for transmutation of nuclear waste Highest performing material testing reactor in Europe (BR2) World first lead based ADS (GUINEVERE) 6

7. ALLEGRO Experimental reactor (GFR) ASTRID Prototype (SFR) 200820122020 SFR Supporting infrastructures, research facilities MYRRHA ETPP European demonstration reactor (LFR) Reference technology Alternative technology LFR GFR The place of MYRRHA in ESNII European Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative MYRRHA Fast spectrum irradiation facility 7

8. MYRRHA is an international project 8

9. Table of contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Place of FP7 CDT project in this frame Conclusions of WP2 related to primary system Illustrations of design today Way ahead to construction 9

10. The CDT project aimed at going further: Starting from the outcome of different FP projects (PDS-XADS, EUROTRANS) and national initiatives (MYRRHA), Obtain a more advanced design of a flexible irradiation facility, FASTEF, able to work in both sub-critical and critical mode, Setting also up a centralised multi-disciplinary team, based at Mol for its core group, Concentrating on primary and core systems (this paper) and on reactor building design & plant layout (other paper – session 9.05), The project started in April 2009 for a duration of 36 months. 10

11. Table of contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Place of FP7 CDT project in this frame Conclusions of WP2 related to primary system Illustrations of design today Way ahead to construction 11

12. FASTEF is a performing, rubust facility Maximum core power amounts 100 MWth; High fast flux intensity obtained by maximizing poxer density; Many positions available in the core to host experiments; All components in reactor vessel designed to be removable; Diaphragm separates hot and cold coolant; Safety analyses demonstrate robustness against transients. 12

13. Table of contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Place of FP7 CDT project in this frame Conclusions of WP2 related to primary system Illustrations of design today Way ahead to construction 13

14. Reactor Vessel Reactor Cover Core Support Structure Core Barrel Core Support Plate Jacket Core Reflector Assemblies Dummy Assemblies Fuel Assemblies Spallation Target Assembly and Beam Line Above Core Structure Core Plug Multifunctional Channels Core Restraint System Control Rods, Safety Rods, Mo-99 production units Primary Heat Exchangers Primary Pumps Si-doping Facility Diaphragm IVFS IVFHS IVFHM Reactor layout 14

15. Reactor Vessel Main dimensions Height: about 12.200 m Inner diameter: 8 m Wall thickness: 80 mm Material AISI 316L Weight About 320 ton 15

16. Reactor Cover Main dimensions Height: 2 m Outer diameter: 9.3 m Material AISI 316L Concrete Weight About 340 ton 16

17. Reactor Cover 17

18. Diaphragm Main dimensions Double plate design Baffle In-vessel fuel storage Height: about 9.8 m Inner diameter: 7.7 m Wall thickness: 50 mm Lower plate thickness: 80 mm Upper plate thickness: 50 mm Material AISI 316L Weight About 190 ton 18

19. Core and Fuel Assemblies 151 positions & 37 multifunctional plugs 19

20. Table of contents Purpose of the MYRRHA project at SCKCEN Place of FP7 CDT project in this frame Conclusions of WP2 related to primary system Illustrations of design today Way ahead to construction 20

21. The project schedule 2010 – 2014: Front End Engineering Design; file for the Belgian Government 2015: Tendering & Procurement 2016 – 2018: Civil Engineering & construction of components 2019: On site assembly 2020 – 2022: Commissioning at progressive power 2023: Progressive start-up 2024 – 20??: Full exploitation 21

22. Copyright notice Copyright © 2012 - SCK  CEN All property rights and copyright are reserved. Any communication or reproduction of this document, and any communication or use of its content without explicit authorization is prohibited. Any infringement to this rule is illegal and entitles to claim damages from the infringer, without prejudice to any other right in case of granting a patent or registration in the field of intellectual property. SCKCEN Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire Stichting van Openbaar Nut Fondation d'Utilité Publique Foundation of Public Utility Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 – BE-1160 BRUSSEL Operational Office: Boeretang 200 – BE-2400 MOL 22