1. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies The Dawn of Japan ’ s Expeditionary Capability Temple University Japan Campus, TUJ Tokyo 23 May 2008

2. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies JDS Hyuuga, 23 August 2007 13,500-ton, 3 helos (SH-60K)13,500-ton, 3 helos (SH-60K) 30 knots, 490 personnel30 knots, 490 personnel

3. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies IJN Hyuuga, August 1943 39,870-ton, 8 14-inch guns, 22 aircraft39,870-ton, 8 14-inch guns, 22 aircraft 25 knots, 1,463 personnel25 knots, 1,463 personnel

4. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies JDS Tokiwa, JDS Kunisaki DefinitionsDefinitions Cold War DefenceCold War Defence Present FlexibilityPresent Flexibility ConclusionsConclusions Structure

5. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Maritime Power Projection Means to Exploit Command of the SeaMeans to Exploit Command of the Sea Influence Events on LandInfluence Events on Land Strategic Flexibility/ManoeuvreStrategic Flexibility/Manoeuvre When, where and in what measureWhen, where and in what measure Taking the Fight to the EnemyTaking the Fight to the Enemy Offensive NatureOffensive Nature Amphibious Ops, Attacks against SLOCS, Strategic Missile AttackAmphibious Ops, Attacks against SLOCS, Strategic Missile Attack

6. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Expeditionary Warfare Operational CampaignsOperational Campaigns Lifting CapabilityLifting Capability Tactical and Logistical Support to Land and Air ForcesTactical and Logistical Support to Land and Air Forces Colonial Campaigns – Localised InstabilityColonial Campaigns – Localised Instability Campaigns of Choice (peace-support)Campaigns of Choice (peace-support)

7. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Cold War Naval Power 2 Phases: 1954-1976, 1976-19952 Phases: 1954-1976, 1976-1995 1 st Phase: Quantitative Build-up1 st Phase: Quantitative Build-up Coastal & SLOCs Defence, Support Land OperationsCoastal & SLOCs Defence, Support Land Operations ASW: CVH (1959) – DDH (1973) – FlotillaASW: CVH (1959) – DDH (1973) – Flotilla Amphibious: LST Atsumi and Miura (1972-1977)Amphibious: LST Atsumi and Miura (1972-1977)

8. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Cold War Naval Power 2 nd Phase: Qualitative Build-up2 nd Phase: Qualitative Build-up SLOCs Defence, Support Land OperationsSLOCs Defence, Support Land Operations ASW: Longer Reach, Fleet Air Defence – FlotillaASW: Longer Reach, Fleet Air Defence – Flotilla – Kongo DDG (1988), Murasame DD (1991), Towada AOE (1984, 1987) Amphibious: LCU Yura (1981)Amphibious: LCU Yura (1981) Research Studies:Research Studies: 16,000-ton light CVH (8 to 14 HSS-2 helicopters)16,000-ton light CVH (8 to 14 HSS-2 helicopters) 7,000-8,000-ton LST (Italian San Giorgio class)7,000-8,000-ton LST (Italian San Giorgio class)

9. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Contemporary Naval Power End of Cold War/First Gulf War (1990-91)End of Cold War/First Gulf War (1990-91) National Defence – Multilateral CooperationNational Defence – Multilateral Cooperation NDPO 1995: 50 Vessels, 170 aircraftNDPO 1995: 50 Vessels, 170 aircraft Streamlined, Effective, Flexible (agile and accurate)Streamlined, Effective, Flexible (agile and accurate) LST Osumi (1998), AOE Mashu (2004)LST Osumi (1998), AOE Mashu (2004) Balanced Force (ASW – Expeditionary)Balanced Force (ASW – Expeditionary)

10. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies 26/04/1991: 6 JMSDF Minesweepers to Persian Gulf 26/01/2004: 600 JGSDF Troops to Iraq Less than 13 years: 17 International Operations (9 during the period 2001-2004)

11. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Contemporary Naval Power Systemic Transformation (9/11)Systemic Transformation (9/11) Regional Tensions (NKorea, China)Regional Tensions (NKorea, China) NDPG 2004NDPG 2004 Multi-functional Flexible Defence ForceMulti-functional Flexible Defence Force Effective Defence: ‘Where and How’Effective Defence: ‘Where and How’ ‘Hataraku Jidai’ (Seijuku no Jidai)‘Hataraku Jidai’ (Seijuku no Jidai) Flexibility (Juunansei)Flexibility (Juunansei)

12. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Contemporary Naval Power 47 Major Combatants, 16 Submarines47 Major Combatants, 16 Submarines 150 aircraft (44,400 personnel)150 aircraft (44,400 personnel) 4 Flotillas x 8 Vessels – ASW4 Flotillas x 8 Vessels – ASW DDH (x1), DD (x3), DD (x2), DDG (x2)DDH (x1), DD (x3), DD (x2), DDG (x2) 8 Divisions x 4 Vessels – ASW/Expeditionary8 Divisions x 4 Vessels – ASW/Expeditionary DDH (x1), DDG (x1), DD (x2)DDH (x1), DDG (x1), DD (x2) DDG (x1), DD (x3)DDG (x1), DD (x3)

13. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies Power Projection or Expeditionary Capability? National Defence International Commitments Conclusions

14. Alessio Patalano – Department of War Studies The awakening to the problems of world’s stability played a significant role in the navy’s decision to procure platforms to operate at greater distances. The Ōsumi class is the iconic symbol of the JMSDF’s capacity to empower Tokyo’s policy-makers and strategic planners with the strategic flexibility to commit to expeditionary mission. Whether and to what extent Japan’s governments will decide to engage in these sort of mission is a different story, one that will require more time to write. Conclusions