1. LESSON PLAN TOPIC: - ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS CLASS: - 10TH
SUB-TOPICS:- ACIDS, BASES AND THEIR PROPERTIES TIME: - 35 MIN.

2. Time Management Introduction 3 min. Presentation by teacher 10 min.
Group activity min.
Presentation by students 07 min.
Evaluation and home assignment 05 min.

3. General objectives: - To develop scientific attitude.
Knowledge about chemistry.
Knowledge about Acids bases and salts.
Scientific Management.

4. Specific objectives
To enable the students to know about acid, base and salts.
To enable the students to differentiate the acid, base and salts .
To enable the students to identify the acid , bases and salts
Uses of Acid & Base in day- to-day life.

5. PK Testing Students,look at these pictures

6. PK Testing:-
1. Name the things which are sour in taste? 2. Name the things which are bitter in taste? 3. Which things are salty in taste? 4. Why lemon is sour? 5. Why soap gives bitter taste? 6. Which makes soap slippery? 7. Why we take Eno, Baking soda to cure acidity after over-eating at home? 8. Why we use vinegar in pickels?

7. activity
The teacher will assign to the students to enlist the things which are sour in taste to every group.
The teacher will write down the name of things according to the students on the blackboard.
On the basis of the this activity the teacher will ask the students, why these are sour in taste?
Most of the students are unable to give the answer of this question . Now the teacher will deliver his content matter to the students.

8. Content matter
Concept :-1 Acid : The term acid is derived from Latin word acidus which mean sour (khatta). Acids are those chemical substances which are sour in taste. For example citric acid is present in lemon, oxalic acid in tomato, acetic acid in vinegar, formic acid in sting of ants, lactic acid in curd,malic acid in apple. There are some acids which are used in laboratory and can,t be tasted. e.g. HCI, H2SO4, HNO3, CH3COOH

9. activity
The teacher will assign to the students to enlist the things which are bitter in taste to different groups.
The teacher will write down the name of things according to the students on the blackboard.
On the basis of the this activity the teacher will ask the students, why these are bitter in taste?
Most of the students are unable to give the answer of this question . Now the teacher will deliver his content matter to the students.

10. Content matter
Concept:- 2 Base: These are chemical substances which are bitter in taste, soapy in touch. For example baking soda, tooth paste, soap etc. Some bases which are commonly used in laboratories. e.g. NaOH, KOH ,Ca(OH)2

11. ACID BASE REACTION
When an acid combines with base it forms the salt and water ACID + BASE----SALT + WATER HCl + NaOH---NaCl + H2O

12. Precaution/instructions
It is dangerous to touch ,taste or smell laboratory acids. The teacher will ask the students, how can we identify the laboratory acid without tasting , touching and inhaling.
Most the students are not able to tell the answer of this question .
Teacher will tell the students to find out the things that are used to indentify acids and bases from the text book (group task)

13. Content matter
On the basis of group discussion the teacher will induce the concept of term Indicator.
“Acids and bases shows different colours with some chemical and natural substances. These substances are called indicators”.
Natural indicators:- Litmus ,turmeric , petals of some flowers(marigold , china rose)
Synthetic indicators:- Phenolphthalein, Methyl Orange .

14. Activity 1 for the students
Turmeric Test:-
When turmeric sol. Reacts with base it turns pale yellow to reddish-brown in color .
No colour change with acids

15. Activity 2 for students Phenolphthalein Test :-
When a drop of Phenolphthalein is added to acid, it remains unchanged.
When a drop of Phenolphthalein is added to base it turns colorless to pink .

16. Activity 3 for students Methyl Orange Test :-
When a drop of methyl orange is added to an acid it turns red in colour.
When a drop of methyl orange is added to a base it turns yellow in colour

17. Characteristics of Acids:-
Reaction of acids with metals- All the acids when react with
metals they produce salt and hydrogen gas.
Acid+ metal  Salt+ Hydrogen Gas
H2SO4 + Zn  ZnSO4 + H2 (Gas)
Reaction of acids with metal oxides: 
Metal oxide + Acid  Salt + Water
Al2O3 + 6HCl  2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Reaction with Metal Carbonate:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl  2NaCl + H2O + CO2 (g)
Reaction with Metal Bicarbonate:
NaHCO3 + HCl  NaCl + H2O + CO2 (g)

18. Characteristics of Bases
Reaction of bases with metals:
2NaOH + Zn  Na2ZnO2 + H2 (g

19. Uses of Acid & Base and salts in day- to-day life

20. Questionnair & Evaluation :-
Name the fruits/vegetables which are bitter in taste?
Do you know vinegar (sirka) ?
Name the acids used in day- to- day life.
Give an example of a base used day-to-day life?
What do you mean by an indicator?
Give an example of natural indicator?
Name some synthetic indicators used in laboratory?
When an acid reacts with a metal which gas is produced?

21. Home Assignment
Bring five types of fruits to depict acid, base on basis of taste ?
Make a chart of things which show acidic and basic character?
Make a diagram to show evolution of hydrogen gas?

22. Prepared by Sh. Narender Singh Jamwal (H.M.) GHS Badhu Distt. Mandi
Sh. Roop Lal Lect. Chemistry GSSS Chamian Distt. Solan
Sh. Pushap Raj Lect. DIET Mandi
SH. Bharat Kashyap Lect. Bio., GSSS Drang, Mandi
Sh. Dinesh Banyal TGT (M) GHS Malaini , Nalagarh, Distt. Solan
Sh. Avneesh Kumar TGT(M) GHS TELOR DISTT. SHIMLA
Sh. Sanjeev Parihar (H.M) GHS Darwa Distt. Solan
Sh. Vidya Singh Lect. Chem. GSSS Reckong Peo Distt. Kinnaur
Sh. Santosh Chandel Lect. Physics DIET Bilaspur
Sh. Sunil Verma Lect. DIET Kullu

23. THANK YOU