1. Using Scientific Thinking
Investigate buoyancy
Use inductive and deductive reasoning

2. Using Scientific Thinking
1. Background Information:
shows/mythbusters/videos/lets-talk- buoyancy.htm

3. Using Scientific Thinking
2. Predict whether a piece of clay will float in water.
Record your prediction on your paper

4. Using Scientific Thinking
3. Fill your measuring cup with 400 ml of water.
Shape your piece of clay into a wide cup and place the cup-shaped piece of clay in the water.
Record your observations on the back of your lab paper.

5. Using Scientific Thinking
4. Remove the clay from the water, dry it with a paper towel, and then tightly roll it into a small ball.
Place the ball of clay in the water.
Record your observations on the back.

6. Using Scientific Thinking
5. Pour the water out of your measuring cup.
Dry off the measuring cup and clay and place them back on the paper towel on your table.
Wash your hands with warm water and soap when you are finished with this activity.

7. Using Scientific Thinking
Think it over:
1. What effect did rolling the clay into a ball have on its ability to float? Explain using complete sentences.

8. Using Scientific Thinking
Think it over:
2. Use what you learned in this activity to explain why a steel anchor sinks but a steel ship floats.

9. Using Scientific Thinking
Think it over:
Did you use deductive or inductive reasoning to answer Question 2? Explain.
What is deductive and inductive reasoning?
Direction: Inductive reasoning moves from the specific to the general. Deductive reasoning moves from the general to the specific.

10. Deductive Reasoning: Deductive reasoning is based on laws or general principles. People using deductive reasoning apply a general principle to a specific example.
All oranges are fruits. All fruits grow on trees. Therefore, all oranges grow on trees.
Dinner is always at 6 pm. It is 6 pm. ______________________
Triangles have 3 sides. This shape has 3 sides. ________________________

11. Inductive Reasoning: Inductive reasoning is based on observation
Inductive Reasoning: Inductive reasoning is based on observation. People using inductive reasoning find a pattern in a collection of specific observations and draw a general conclusion based on that pattern.
All the tigers observed in a particular region have yellow black stripes, therefore all the tigers native to this region have yellow stripes.
Kim, Ralene, Jim, and Rick finished first, second, third, and fourth in a motor bike race. If their numbers were 5, 17, 1, and 7 use the following clues to find out who had what number and in what order they finished.
17 said she would have placed higher if her bike would not have stalled at the start.
Rick finished before 7 but after Ralene.
Jim wasn’t third.
1’s father said he was very proud of her finish.
Kim finished after 5.

12. Which statements are deductive and which statements are inductive?
1. Turtles have shells. They must use shells for protection. _______
2. A puddle has frozen. It must be below 0 degrees outside. _______
3. Because of gravity, everything that goes up must come down. _______
4. Many birds fly toward the equator in fall. Birds prefer warm weather. _______