1. A Short Guide to Action Research 4 th Edition Andrew P. Johnson, Ph.D. Minnesota State University, Mankato www.OPDT-Johnson.com

2. Chapter 10: Reporting Findings in Action Research

3. REPORTING QUALITATIVE DATA 1. Create a picture 2. Transform data into a digestible whole 3. Describe meaningful trends, patterns, and categories

4. Tips For Presenting Qualitative Data 1. Try to be an impartial reporter 2. Include yourself when it is warranted 3. Take readers along with you in all phases of your study 4. Write clearly and precisely 5. Organize your paper

5. THE IMPORTANCE OF STRUCTURE 1. Structure and Inductive Analysis a. Gather data and collect notes. b. Spread out your notes in front of you. c. Look for common ideas. d. Move common ideas into groups to create sections. e. Within each section, look for similar items to create paragraphs or subsections 2. Use headings and subheadings

6. 1. Make your data come alive: a. samples of students products b. quotes c. excerpts from your research journal 2. Put information that interrupts the flow of the text in an appendix

7. REPORTING QUANTITATIVE DATA Use numerals to express the following: 1. Numbers 10 and above The class generated 27 different ideas in the space of 5 minutes. 2. Dates This study took place on May 5, 2009. 3. Ages She is 7 years old. 4. Time The subjects reported to the laboratory at 1:00 p.m. They stayed there for 2 hours and 7 minutes.

8. 5. People in a study There were 15 students in this study: 8 males and 7 females. 6. Grade level Most children begin grade 2 with a thorough knowledge of consonant sounds. (Note: It is grade 2 but second grade.) 7. Chapters Most would agree that Chapter 17 is the most fascinating chapter of the book. 8. Pages Page 1 of this text begins with a fascinating review of the writing process.

9. 9. Scales or rating systems He scored a 7 on a 10-point scale. 10. Money The subjects in this study were paid $8 for participating. 11. Numbers grouped for comparison with other numbers 10 and above The study showed that 9 of 15 students were able to improve their grade averages significantly by learning how to read critically. Of the 15 students participating, 6 received a grade of A, 5 received a grade of B, and 4 received a grade of C.

10. Reporting Arithmetic Data 1. Arithmetic data are reported in descending order (from greatest to least). 2. Tell what you are observing first 3. Tell the total number before you report categories 4. Stay consistent with the order of gender or other categories

11. TABLES AND FIGURES 1. Tables = quick, visual way to organize and report information 2. Tables meant to replace written data, not repeat 3. Table make data easier to digest 4. Figures – lists, graphs, diagrams, or pictures