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2. 2 CST-092 Beginning Computer Windows Concepts Lecture 1: Computer Concepts Computer Concepts Getting Started

3. 3 What is a Computer? A machine that computes. An electronic system that –accepts data, –processes data, –reports data, and –stores data.

4. 4 The Microcomputer Hardware –Physical components of a computer system. Software –Programs or instructions that direct the operations of the computer.

5. 5 INPUT: –The method of getting information into the computer. –The process of entering and translating data into a form the computer can understand. Information Processing Cycle 3 4

6. 6 3 4 PROCESSING: –Performing a calculation or logical operation on the information. –Turning raw data into meaningful information. 3 + 4 = 7 7

7. 7 Information Processing Cycle OUTPUT: –The method of getting data out of the computer. –Translating machine-readable code into a form readable by humans. 3 4 7 The sum of 3 and 4 is 7. 7

8. 8 Information Processing Cycle STORAGE: –Storing data for future use. 347 3 4 7

9. 9 INPUT --The Keyboard Keyboard Indicator Lights Escape Key Spacebar Typewriter Keys Arrow Keys Numeric Keypad

10. 10 INPUT --The Keyboard InsertBackspace Enter Delete Print Screen Tab Caps Lock Alternate Keys Shift Keys Control Keys

11. 11 INPUT --The Mouse

12. 12 INPUT --The Mouse ClickingDouble-Clicking

13. 13 INPUT --The Mouse Dragging

14. 14 INPUT --The Mouse Right-Clicking

15. 15 Processing – The System Unit Main Memory a.k.a. Primary Memory a.k.a. RAM RAM = Random Access Memory Programs and Data are in RAM! 3 4

16. 16 BIT B inary dig IT -- Two Values: 0 & 1 Smallest piece of data that can be recognized and used by a computer. ON OFF = 1 = 0

17. 17 Byte a group of 8 bits can hold a character –Alphabetic Letter (UPPER or lower case) –Numbers –Special Characters ($, @, !, (, *, ), &, etc. ASCII Code used in microcomputers American Standard Code for Information Interchange

18. 18 DELTA in 5 Bytes of RAM: D 01000100 E 01000101 L 01001100 T 01010100 A 01000001 010001000100010101001100 0101010001000001

19. 19 Memory Measurements Kilobyte –1K or 1Kb or 1KB = 1,000 bytes –(1,024 bytes) Megabyte –1M or 1Mb or 1MB = 1,000,000 bytes –(1,048,576 bytes) 640K = 640,000 bytes4M = 4,000,000 bytes

20. 20 Data and Software are in RAM 347 NUM1NUM2SUM SUM = NUM1 + NUM2 PROGRAM1

21. 21 Central Processing Unit - CPU Arithmetic Logic Unit Control Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit-ALU Arithmetic +Addition -Subtraction *Multiplication /Division Logic Greater Than =Equal Control Unit Traffic Cop What’s Next?

22. 22 Output The SUM of 3 + 4 is 7

23. 23 Auxiliary Storage Secondary Storage DISKETTE 3.5” 1.44 Mb HARD DISK 20 Mb to Billion+ 100 Mb + + + FLASH DRIVE F: or G: or… C: A:

24. 24 Hardware Summary OUTPUTINPUT Auxiliary Storage CPU Main Memory

25. 25 SOFTWARE Hardware System Software Application Software USER Systems Software Initializes Computer (BOOT) Interfaces with user and application Coordinates system resources

26. 26 R ES U SYSTEMS SOFTWARE N O I T C I L P P A A W O W I N D S HW

27. 27 R ES U SYSTEMS SOFTWARE N O I T C I L P P A A W O W I N D S HW

28. 28 APPLICATION SOFTWARE Word Processing A10.0400 B20.0300 C30.5200 D40.0100 Spreadsheet Graphics Database DATA Communications

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