1. PLANT TISSUE SMAK BPK PENABUR SUKABUMI GRADE XI – SCIENCE CLASS
Lectures by : Agustina Eka H.,S.SI.

2. TISSUE ??
the smallest basic unit of cells a group of cells that have similar forms, composition, and function a unit of several types of tissues that are close to each other and support certain functions some organs which are coordinate each other and conducting certain functions
cells
tissue
organ
Organ system
organism

3. Meristematic & Permanent Tissue
Meristematic Tissue
Apical meristem
Lateral meristem
Intercalary meristem
Permanent Tissue
1. Simple permanent tissue
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
2. Complex permanent tissue
Xylem
Phloem
3. Protective tissue
Epidermis
Cork (phellem)

4. Meristematic Tissue have thin cellulose cell walls.
The meristematic cells may be spherical,oval,polygonal or rectangular in shape.
compactly arranged & do not contain any intercellular space between them.
contains dense or abundant cytoplasm & a single large nucleus.
contain few vacuoles or no vacuoles at all

5. Apical meristems
Are located at the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots
Elongate shoots and roots through primary growth
The root tip is covered by a root cap
Primary meristem

6. Lateral Meristem cambium : Vascular cambium Cork cambium
Add thickness to woody plants through secondary growth
Secondary meristem
cambium :
Vascular cambium
Cork cambium

7. Vascular cambium Located between xylem and phloem X C P Vascular
Types of cell division. An initial can divide
transversely to form two cambial initials (C)
or radially to form an initial and either a
xylem (X) or phloem (P) cell.
(a)
Accumulation of secondary growth. Although shown here
as alternately adding xylem and phloem, a cambial initial usually
produces much more xylem.
(b)

8. Primary growth in stems Secondary growth in stems
An overview of primary and secondary growth
In woody plants,
there are lateral
meristems that
add secondary
growth, increasing
the girth of
roots and stems.
Apical meristems
add primary growth,
or growth in length.
Vascular
cambium
Cork
Lateral
meristems
Root apical
Primary growth in stems
Epidermis
Cortex
Primary phloem
Primary xylem
Pith
Secondary growth in stems
Periderm
Primary
phloem
Secondary
Vascular cambium
xylem
Shoot apical
(in buds)
The cork
cambium adds
secondary
dermal tissue.
The vascular
xylem and
phloem.

9. Intercalary meristem Intercalary meristem :
located between mature tissues, ex : base of nodes in grass stem
Gramineae or Poaceae
(rice, corn, sugar cane)

10. Epidermis Outer layer Tightly cell
Function : to protect the underlying cell
Modification : hair, spine, trichome, stomata, lenticell, root hair, cuticule

11. Epidermis – stoma, trichomes, & root hairs

12. Periderm – cork & parenchyma
TWIG WITH LENTICELS

13. Parenchyma Large cell, thin wall, large vacuoles Types :
1 ) aerenchyma : aquatic plant
2) Chlorenchyma : containing chloroplast

14. Parenchyma

15. Chollenchyma Function : supporting and strengthening tissue
Cellulose and pectin thickening in the corner of the cell

16. Sclerenchyma Function : organ support Inactive cell
Cellulose and lignin thickening
Sclereids :
Hard and rigid
Stem cortex, leaf venetin, root, fruit, and seed
Fiber:
hard elongated cells
Gymnosperm woody fiber, bark, leaf fiber, seed fiber

17. Sclerenchyma SCLERIDS FIBERS
Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier, Stocking & Barbour, 1974, Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed.

19. Secretory Cell
Secrete various substances

20. Xylem Water and mineral transportation Lignin thickening Consists of :
Trachea/vessel element
Tracheid
Xylem fiber
Xylem parenchyma

21. Fig. 35.8
Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

22. Phloem Conduction of nutrition Consists of : Sieve tube Companion cell
Phloem fiber
Phloem parenchyma