1. Normal X-ray

2. NORMAL X-RAY HEART TRACHEA AORTIC KNOB (ARCH) CARINA HILUM
COSTOPHRENIC SULCUS
DIAPHRAGM

3. How to read an x-ray?
1. Start from upper Abdomen 2. Look at Thoracic cage (soft tissues and bones) 3. Mediastinum 4. Lung- unilateral 5. Lung- bilateral A T M L L

4. ABDOMEN
Gastric bubble

5. THORAX (BONES)
Ribs
Sternum
Spine
Shoulder girdle
Clavicles

6. THORAX (SOFT TISSUES) Breast shadows Supraclavicular areas Axillae
Tissues along side of breasts

7. MEDIASTINUM
TRACHEA
AORTIC KNOB (ARCH)
CARINA
HILUM
HEART

8. MEDIASTINUM Heart size on PA Right side Inferior vena cava
Right atrium
Ascending aorta
Superior vena cava

9. LUNGS
First look - start from right costophrenic angle then left lung and costophrenic angle
Second look – side by side comparison of the lungs

10. LUNG FIELDS AND HILA Hilum Lungs Blood vessels Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Lungs
Linear and fine nodular
shadows of pulmonary vessels
Blood vessels