1. International Students in the UK Jon Simmons Home Office Science: Migration and Border Analysis

2. Notable rise in student migrant numbers since 2008 2 Source: ONS International Passenger Survey Long-term international immigration to the UK by main reason for migration

3. Both Non-EU and EU student migration are rising..... 3 Inflows of those migrating for formal study, 2005-10 Source: ONS: International Passenger Survey

4. ....with India and China supplying the most students from outside the European Union 4 Non-EU student (and student dependant) arrivals in 2010 Source: Home Office, Immigration Statistics

5. Half of non-EU students study at non-HE institutions..... 5 Source: Home Office Occasional Paper 90: Overseas students in the immigration system

6. ......while the majority of non-EU students at Universities are postgraduates..... Source: Home Office Occasional Paper 90: Overseas students in the immigration system

7. .....whereas those at privately funded HE/FE institutions are mainly studying at below degree level 7 Source: Home Office Occasional Paper 90: Overseas students in the immigration system

8. China has the highest stock of students in publicly funded HEI’s, and the fastest growing number 8 Stocks of non-EU students in publicly funded HEI’s from 2008/09 to 2010/11 Source: HESA The highest number of non-EU students are Chinese and Indian Most Indians (85%) are postgraduates but Chinese students are more evenly split Around three-quarters of Hong Kong and Malaysian students are undergraduates

9. One in five non-EEA students remain in the system five years after first being granted a student visa...... 9 Source: Home Office Migrant Journey Second Report The 2004 cohort – immigration status in 2009, five years after their initial visa, by route 185,600 students in 2004 cohort were granted student visas 79% had left the immigration system within 5 years; -15% had transferred to other routes, mainly work - 3% had obtained settlement - 6% were still students

10. .....and for some important nationalities this proportion doubles. 10 Source: Home Office Migrant Journey Second Report Student visas granted in 2004 and their immigration status at end of 2009 – highest volume countries

11. Foreign students are keen to remain in the UK after graduation, and many do so Future plans OverallChinaIndiaUSAMalaysiaNigeriaCanadaPakistanHong Kong 2010 Seek short term employment in UK 37% (2,262) 33%46%36%37%45%33%46%29% Seek long term employment in UK 45% (2,305) 32%55%42%51%54%33%63%41% Undertake further study in UK 49% (2,296) 43%39%29%55%69%32%56%42% Apply for permanent residence in UK 29% (2,287) 25%27%24%30%39%14%47%31% 11 Likelihood of 2010 graduates to undertake various activities in next 5 years, by nationality Source: Tracking International Graduate Outcomes 2011, i-graduate (for Department for Business, Innovation and Skills)

12. Of the 6% who were still students after 5 years, a third were studying at undergraduate level or below 12 Long term students: Study route sample by level of study Source: Home Office Migrant Journey Second report (case file analysis)

13. UK Border Agency has found issues with compliance amongst students Privately funded HE/FE institutions Publicly funded HE/FE institutions English Language schools Enrolled on course and continuing to study 39%47%65% Regularised their stay or left the country 12%15% Did not enter having been issued with a visa letter or a CAS 23%30%6% Had no record of leaving the country and did not have a valid reason to remain (potentially ‘non-compliant’) 26%8%14% Total 100% (1,191 respondents) 100% (2,397 respondents) 100% (2,060 respondents) 13 Students’ compliance by type of sponsoring institution Source: Home Office Occasional Paper 90: Overseas students in the immigration system

14. UK Border Agency enforcement arrests of student visa holders increased in 2010... 14 Number of Tier 4 visa arrests by enforcement; Sept 2009 – Nov 2010 Source: Home Office: Points-based system Tier 4 attendance at privately funded colleges; Annex: Background Information

15. ...and student visa holders were responsible for 13.5% of asylum claims matched to a visa in 2010 15 Asylum applications matched to PBS T4 (General) Student Visas Source: Home Office: Points-based system Tier 4 attendance at privately funded colleges; Annex: Background Information