1. Renewable Energy in New Zealand

2. Introduction NZ’s energy supply NZ’s renewable energy supply NZ’s renewable electricity supply NZ’s renewable energy policy China vs. NZ’s energy supply – very different Population: China 1.3b, NZ 4m Real GDP: China NZ$3000b, NZ NZ$128b Annual energy production: China 58000 PJ, NZ 550PJ Annual electricity consumption: China 1800 Twh, NZ 36 TWh

3. Total Primary Energy Supply

4. 1990 & 2004 Fuel Shares of Total Primary Energy Supply

5. Total Energy Consumption by Fuel Type

6. Renewable Primary Energy Supply

7. Renewable Primary Energy Supply 1990 & 2004

8. Renewable Energy Consumption

9. Renewable Energy Consumption 1990 & 2004

10. Net Electricity by Fuel Type

11. Net Electricity 1990 & 2004

12. Total Electricity Generation Capacity

13. Electricity Generation Capacity 1990 & 2005

14. Structure of the NZ electricity industry

15. Electricity by Consumption

16. Gross CO 2 by Sector

17. 1990 & 2004 Shares of Gross CO 2 Emissions by Sector

18. Renewable Energy Policy Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act 2000 Four government agencies involved in renewable energy policy Ministry of Economic Development, Ministry for the Environment, Electricity Commission and EECA Government’s overarching goal for energy To ensure the delivery of energy services to all classes of consumer in an efficient, fair, reliable, and sustainable manner Energy Policy Framework 2000 Seeks a “Progressive transition to renewable sources of energy” NEECS 2001 - Renewable energy target of an additional 30 PJ of consumer energy from renewable sources by 2012 - Achievement of the target should increase NZ’s supply of renewable energy by a further 22 per cent by 2012 - Target is expected to be met by contributions from renewable electricity, renewable heat and biofuels

19. Progress towards the target

20. Renewable Energy Policy Climate Change Policy (under review) - NZ is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol - NZ is required to reduce its CO2 emissions to 1990 levels - Carbon tax (capped at $25 a tonne) – no longer applies - Projects to reduce emissions programme - awarded carbon credits to renewable energy projects that are not quite economic – programme under review Government Policy Statement on Electricity Governance (2004) Electricity industry is to ensure that electricity is delivered in an efficient, fair, reliable and environmentally sustainable manner to all classes of consumer Resource Management Act 1991 - NZ’s main environmental statute - Renewable energy projects need to obtain approval under the RMA (e.g. for land use, water takes) - RMA specifically recognizes the importance of renewable energy and energy efficiency New policy developments - Mandatory sales target for biofuels - National energy strategy - Replacement NEECS - New climate change policy

21. Renewable Energy Market Development Renewable Technologies

22. Aotearoa Wave & Tidal Energy Association “AWATEA will promote, aid and foster a vibrant and profitable marine energy industry in New Zealand” National association for representation of marine energy interests 1. Promote the marine energy industry 2. Increase utilization of marine energy 3. Central advocate for marine energy 4. Information exchange for marine energy 5. Meeting place for industry participants 6. Represent NZ marine energy industry internationally

23. Photovoltaics in New Zealand New Zealand Photovoltaic Association Very small base Cottage industry struggling to achieve mainstream Receives limited government support

24. Photovoltaics in New Zealand Grappling with net billing and connection NEECS – feed in tariffs Research PV strategy under development

25. Solar Water Heating in New Zealand Government support over recent years – Generic marketing – Quality assurance – standards, training, monitoring – Financial assistance scheme – Industry association support Good growth from small base - 40% last year

26. Solar Water Heating in New Zealand Price still number 1 barrier – Complete system $5,000 to $6,000 installed – NZ suppliers price takers – Economy of scale difficult to achieve – Traditional systems and running costs still more attractive System performance still to be measured – Major project under way

27. Solar Water Heating in New Zealand New home market attractive Building code provides an opportunity (Spain & some states of Australia) Strong government support

28. www.eeca.govt.nz