1. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 1 XG Communications Program Overview Preston Marshall DARPA ATO Program Manager 30 June 2004 XG Industry Workshop

2. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 2 Purpose Provide Program Progress & Plans Establish Understanding of XG –What We’re Doing –Where We’ll Be at DARPA’s Completion Discuss Features and Technology Maturity Levels Needed for Implementations –Policy Community –Commercial Radio Community –Military Radio & Radar Community

3. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 3 All Spectrum May Be Assigned, But… …Most Spectrum Is Unused! XG is Developing the Technology and System Concepts for DoD to Dynamically Access All Available Spectrum DARPA XG Program Goal: Demonstrate Factor of 10 Increase in Spectrum Access

4. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 4 XG Program Components The Primary Product XG Program is, but a for Dynamic Spectrum Access The Primary Product XG Program is Not a New Radio, but a Set of Advanced Technologies for Dynamic Spectrum Access

5. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 5 Accomplishments Collected RF Environment For Many Scenarios –Data Being Used As Basis For Phase 2 Design Evaluations First Version Of Sensor Completed –Provides Needed Capability For Rapid Wideband Sensing –Next Revision To Explore High-Risk/High-Payoff Enhancements Three Feasible Designs For Interference Avoidance, Network Operation, And Rendezvous –Nearing Phase 2 Evaluations And Competition For Phase 3 Participation Policy Language And Radio Interface Defined –Policy Language RFC v1 Composed And Released –Extensible to Future “Cognitive” Technology

6. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 6 Sense Top-Level Functional Architecture System Strategy Reasoner Radio Platform Policy Reasoner Device Configuration System Policy Accredited Policy Transmit

7. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 7 Top-Level CONOPS Develop Request RF Resource Request Process Request Determine Opportunities Select Opportunities RF Transmit Plan Bound: Yes/No Unbound: Binding Constraints

8. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 8 Current XG Program Participants

9. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 9 Program Development Plan FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 XG System End-to-End Mobile Demo 10X Reuse Possible 10X Reuse (Lab) CDR Final Demo Policy Language Development System Integration High Risk Technologies Sensing Lab Demos

10. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 10 XG Key Principles Suitable for Range of Architectural Implementations –Centralized and decentralized Identify “Interference-Preventing” Core Set –Extensible to other features (subleasing, microcharging,...) Separate Policies From Engineering –Avoid advocacy for specific sharing policies –XG Being Developed In Advance of Policy Framework Provide For Richness/Complexity of Policies –Regulations neither flat nor hierarchical Allow For Diversity of Policy Sources –Peer-Peer and hierarchical policy authorities –Enable extension to “cognitive” optimizing logic Policy “Layer” Flexible for Implementations to Use Without Revisiting for Engineering & Policy Changes

11. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 11 The XG Problem Space How Do We? Measure Instantaneous Spectrum Usage? Account for Propagation Differences? Policy Language Common Approaches that Must Be Agreed on, and Can be Adopted Widely Resolve Inconsistent Policies? Infer Ambiguous Policies? Protect “Hidden” Nodes? Reflect Band- Specific Policies? Reflect Nation - Policies? Optimize System Performance? Infer Potential Interference? Implementation Design Specific Approaches that Can be Implemented in Many Ways to Develop Unique Products Describe Worst-Case Interference? Abstract Capabilities (Behaviors)

12. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 12 Levels of Policy Regulation Regional NationalNational Gov’tNon-Gov’t Agencies Commercial & Civil Owners DoDServices UnitUnitUserUserUserUserUser Interference Prevention Prevention QOS, Cost Optimization Policy Authority Policy Focus Focus Ontology-Based Policy Controls Enable Combining and Processing Rules From Multiple Authorities

13. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 13 Network-Specific Policies Spectrum Regulatory Policies Dimensions of Policy Definition Radio-SpecificPolicies

14. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 14 XG Policy Language Need to Express Policies In A Way That The Radio Can Understand –Current regulatory policies are implicit in radio hardware – policy and technology are coupled and costly to change –Need to be able to select and update policies in situ New locations, updated policies, new authorizations,... Web Ontology Language (OWL) Being Used For Developing XG Policy Language –Basis for semantic web technology – W3C recommendation –Provides structure and richness needed to express policies –Includes general theorem proving/reasoning engines for deductive inference –OWL Is NOT Another Programming Language – structured way to build representations of knowledge, facts, and rules/policies for machine understanding Technology Independent Mathematical Rigor and Logic

15. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 15 How Technology and Policy Can Maximize Access 1.Enhance Policy Flexibility by Opening Up the Envelope Accept and Manage More RiskAccept and Manage More Risk 2.Increase Capability to Dynamically Sense and Adapt Faster Spectrum Analyzers, More Instantaneous BandwidthFaster Spectrum Analyzers, More Instantaneous Bandwidth 3.Develop Radios & Waveform Standards that Can Exploit Sharing Policies Wider Coverage, Better Antennas, Adaptive WaveformsWider Coverage, Better Antennas, Adaptive Waveforms Dimension 2 Operating Area Dimension 1 XG Approach as Policies and Technologies Evolve XG Approach Allows the Operating Envelope To Autonomously Change Over Time as Policies and Technologies Evolve Independently Operating Area

16. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 16 XG Policy Language Features Resolve Multiple Sources Of Policy Without Causing Failure –Allows for Multiple Uncoordinated Sources of Policy Approachable Implementation –Growing Community Of DAML/OWL Users, Features and Authoring Tools Class Extensible –Maximizes Generality and Reduces Complexity –Everyone Can Extend Policies To Their Needs –Rapid Adoption Of New Policy Concepts And Technologies Provable Structure –Set Theory, Logical Reasoning And Theorem Proving Host Implementation Independent –All Policies Can Run On Any Compliant Device Transition from Describing Self-Operation to Defining Effects on Others

17. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 17 Today’s Charter (After Policy Language Briefing) What Are The Credibility Shortfalls (If Any)? What Additional Technologies Are Needed (If Any)? What Additional Activities Are Needed (If Any)? –Demonstrations of Technology –Measurements and Analyses

18. doc.: IEEE 802.11-04/697r1 Submission July 2004 Peter Ecclesine, Cisco SystemsSlide 18 URLs http://www.darpa.mil/ato/programs/XG/index.htm http://www.darpa.mil/ato/programs/XG/rfcs.htm http://www.daml.org/2004/06/xg/Overview.html http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-ref/ http://www.starlab.vub.ac.be/staff/mustafa/WORM_2004.htm