1. Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
Patrick Ji, Kevin Samuel, Anthony Lee
Period 1
HAP

2. Function & Importance of Endocrine system
Endocrine system - a collection of glands that secrete different hormones for the various functions and chemical reactions occurring within the body
Maintain a stable environment within the body (homeostasis)
Function & Importance of Endocrine system

3. Thyroid and Parathyroid

4. Location Thyroid glands located in neck
Close to first part of trachea
Parathyroid glands protrude from the surface of thyroid glands
Location

5. Function Thyroid glands: Parathyroid glands:
Controls rate which body produces energy from nutrients
Secretes hormones that regulate energy
high production can causes weight loss, nervousness
Low production can cause slowing of bodily function
Parathyroid glands:
Control the level of calcium in blood
Produces hormone PTH which raises blood calcium level
Animation: t/chp42/ html
Function

6. Thyroxin and Triiodothyronine

7. Thyroxin is the main hormone secreted into the blood stream by the thyroid gland.
It is inactive most of the time in the body until it become its active form of Triiodothyronine. 
Animation: hill.com/sites/ /student_view0 /chapter46/mechanism_of_thyroxine_acti on.html
Thyroxin

8. Triiodothyronine is the active form of the thyroid hormone thyroxin.
Approximately 20% of triiodothyronine is secreted into the bloodstream directly by the thyroid gland.  The remaining 80% is produced from conversion of thyroxin by organs such as the liver and kidneys.
Triiodothyronine

9. Thyroxin and Triiodothyronine
Thyroxin plays a vital role in regulating the body’s metabolic rate, heart and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development and maintenance of bones.
Too much thyroxin results in a tumor and goiter in the neck.
Too little thyroxin results in autoimmune diseases and a decrease in metabolic rate.
Thyroxin and Triiodothyronine

10. Goiters ~ A thyroid goiter is a dramatic enlargement of the thyroid gland. Goiters are often removed because of cosmetic reasons or, more commonly, because they compress other vital structures of the neck including the trachea and the esophagus making breathing and swallowing difficult.
Hyperparathyroidism-
No symptoms at all
Confusion, foggy thinking
Muscle cramps. A tingling sensation
in the hands and feet.
Loss of energy, always tired
Trouble sleeping, waking up at night.
Heredity. If other family members
had hyperparathyroidism,
you are at greater risk to develop the disease.
Diseases

11. The thyroid is a small gland about the size of two joined cherries
The thyroid is a small gland about the size of two joined cherries. It is situated at the front of your neck, just below the larynx.
The thyroid secretes (releases) three importanthormones – tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and calcitonin.
Parathyroid
All patients with hyperparathyroidism will develop osteoporosis
There are no drugs that will make parathyroid disease better….None
Interesting Facts

12. Concept Check 1. What is a symptom of Hyperparathyroidism? Sweating
Muscle atrophy
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
2. What trouble can a goiter cause?
Headaches
Muscle pains
Hair thinning
Difficulty breathing
Concept Check

13. Concept Check 3. What happens when too little T3 and T4 comes out?
Sweating
Hyperactivity
Weight gain
Weight loss
4. What is the function and importance of the Thyroid gland?
The thyroid plays an important role in regulating the body's metabolism and calcium balance. The T4 and T3 hormones stimulate every tissue in the body to produce proteins and increase the amount of oxygen used by cells.
Concept Check

14. Bibliography Works Cited
"Endocrine System Function." Buzzle. Buzzle, n.d. Web < function.html>.
"Parathyroid Disease." Cedars-Sinal. Cedars-Sinal, n.d. Web < Conditions/Parathyroid-Disease.aspx>.
"Parathyroid Glands: Function." The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons. The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, n.d. Web < ckground.shtml>.
"Thyroid Gland Facts." House and Home. House and Home, n.d. Web < gland-facts>.
Bibliography