1. BOLTS

2. BOLT GRADES Grade determined by number of markings + 2 Low Carbon SteelMedium Carbon Steel (hardened and tempered) Medium or High Carbon Alloy Steel (tempered and hardened)

3. APPLIED FORCES Shear: Perpendicular to the axis Tension: Parallel to the axis

4. COMPONENTS Wrench Size Nominal Diameter Root Diameter Grip Length Thread Length Length

5. ASPECTS Head ShankRunoutThread

6. THREAD GEOMETRY

7. THREAD PARTS

8. NAMING Metric Nominal Diameter – Pitch x Length Example: 7 - 1.0 x 50 In millimeters SAE (Society of Auto Engineers) Nominal Diameter – Threads per inch x Length Example: ½ - 13 x 2 In inches