1. DAC 5161 Community Dentistry Prepared by: Nur Diyana Azmi (1090032) Abdullah Zahid bin Azhari (1090043) Clinical Waste Disposal in Dentistry.

2. INTRODUCTION Clinical waste : consist wholly or partly human or animal products, hazardous materials and sharp instruments. being waste, hazardous and infectious when contact with it.

3. OBJECTIVES To increase the knowledge and awareness of personnel on clinical wastes management. To educate the personnel on the potential adverse health effects on chemical exposure from the wastes. To promote safe and healthy workplace.

4. Why we need proper clinical waste disposal? Avoid hazardous materials from contact with body and cause toxicity. Improve patient’s perception and confidence towards the personnel. Maintain cleanliness as a part of Imaan. Minimize occupational incidents and environmental contamination.

5. Solid wastes, blood and body fluids e.g : Surgical dressing, gauze with blood, extracted teeth. Sharp wastes e.g: needles, broken endodontic files and instruments. Infectious wastes e.g: arise from laboratory such as biopsy, hematology specimen. General wastes e.g: tissue paper, instrument wrapper. Classification s of wastes

6. Examples of clinical wastes in our clinic….

7. Legislation Disposal waste is according to regulations under the Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act127) Solid wastes waste bin lined with yellow, leak resistant plastic bag which need to seal when three quarters full ( Environmental Act 1974) Sharp wastes All sharps must be disposed off into yellow sharps bin. The sharp bin must be sealed and sent for incineration when two thirds full or up to a maximum of one week. ( Environmental Act 1989) General wastes and fluids Disposed in the black plastic bags for general wastes. Fluids waste must be disposed directly to the sewer system and must not open to drain

8. General wastes container Yellow bin for solid waste Yellow sharp bin for sharp materials

9. Spittoon to drain/flush fluid waste into the sewer system.

10. Disposal of Clinical Waste in Dentistry Waste materials are placed in yellow containers or plastic bags which are appropriately marked with the international biohazard symbol. These yellow containers and plastic bags from the clinics should be kept temporarily at the central collection area. They are collected and disposed by a licensed operator.

11. Central collection area. Licensed operator collecting waste material to the incineration site.

12. Flow Chart for the Disposal of Clinical Waste According to Malaysian Dental Council (MDC).

14. Disposal of Clinical Waste in USIM Dental Polyclinic. The workflow is similar to that recommended by the MDC. Additionally, all the clinical waste directly from the clinic are temporarily placed at the one stop centre. Every one week, it will be transported down by the authorized vendor to the central collection area. From there, it will be collected to the incineration site at monthly basis.

15. Flow Chart for the Disposal of Clinical Waste in USIM Dental Polyclinic.

17. Clinical waste from the clinic is placed at the one stop centre Solid waste in yellow bag Yellow sharp bin one stop centre at 17 th floor Transported down to the central collection area every one week central collection area at 8 th floor. Collected by the authorized vendor at monthly basis for incineration.

18. Miscellaneous

19. Aspect to consider improvement. Certain consideration that need to be improved is the mode of transportation of the clinical waste from the one stop centre to the central collection area. Currently the authorized vendor need to use the same elevator that is being used by the public to bring down the clinical waste. One should provide an isolated elevator out of the public utility to transport the clinical waste. However, several safety steps have been conducted to solve the problem by having the collection period during the time which the clinic is closed to the public which.

20. Conclusion. clinical waste disposal in dentistry is very important aspect of maintaining and preserving the safety and healthy working environment inside a dental clinic. A careful management of the disposal item should be incorporated inside a dental clinic as it implicates in handling various hazardous chemicals that may adversely affect the human health. Thus, every dental clinic should fit with the criteria that have been outlined by the law in managing the clinical waste disposal.

21. References Oral Health Division, Ministry of Health. Guidelines on Infection Control in Dental Practice: Malaysian Dental Council; 2007 Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment. Guidelines on the Handling and Management of Clinical Wastes in Malaysia; 2009. Medical Staff Safety and Health Unit Quality in Medical Care Section Medical Development Division Ministry of Health Malaysia. Guidelines on Chemical Management In Health Care Facilities Ministry of Health