1. 2. Define Febrile Neutropenia occurs when a patient has a fever and a significant reduction in their white blood cells (neutropenia) that are needed to fight infections Many patients when undergoing cancer treatment will have a reduction in their white blood cells that may be temporary or may persist for some time. The fever may be caused by an infectious agent, and when it is rapid treatment is required. A patient with febrile neutropenia needs assessment for the possible source and type of infection and treatment until the cause is found or it subsides. Reference:http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/HPI/CancerManagementGuidelines/SupportiveCare/FebrileNeutr openia/default.htm

2. 3. Enumerate Risk Factors for Candidiasis Surgery Indwelling urinary catheters Indwelling intravascular catheters Low birth weight neonates total parenteral nutrition transplant recipients malignancy neutropenia burn patients Reference: 17 th Ed. Harrison’s Principle of Internal Medicine p. 1254 Antibacterial agents Hyperalimenation fluids Parenteral glucocorticoids Respirators Cytotoxic chemotherapy Persons using IV illicit drugs HIV-infected patients w/ low CD4+ T cell counts Diabetes

3. 5. Define sepsis & septic shock Sepsis serious infection usually caused by bacteria which can originate in many body parts, such as the lungs, intestines, urinary tract, or skin that make toxins that cause the immune system to attack the body's own organs and tissues Reference:http://kidshealth.org/parent/pregnancy_ne wborn/medical_problems/sepsis.html Septic Shock serious medical condition caused by decreased tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery as a result of infection and sepsis, though the microbe may be systemic or localized to a particular site. It can cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (formerly known as multiple organ failure) and death. Reference:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_shock