1. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA 1 NEEDS ASSESSMENT Session 1 Introduction NA1

2. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA NA1 2 Project cycle - assessments Davies & Lambert (1995) Engineering in Emergencies, REDR & ITDG

3. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Sphere Common Standard 1: Initial Assessment Assessments provide an understanding of the disaster situation and a clear analysis of threats to life, dignity, health and livelihoods to determine, in consultation with the relevant authorities, whether an external response is required and, if so, the nature of the response. NA1 3

4. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Vulnerability and capacity analysis NA1 4 No assistance needed Why are they not adequate? What are the gaps between WASH needs and capacities? Can other agencies fill the gap? YES NO Can other agencies fill the gap? YES NO Assistance needed No assistance needed IFRC, Guidelines for emergency assessment Are the problems normal? YES NO Are the problems normal? YES NO Are the normal coping strategies adequate? NO YES Are the normal coping strategies adequate? NO YES Are the new coping strategies adequate? YES NO Are the new coping strategies adequate? YES NO

5. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Disaster Rapid assessment Detailed assessment Continuous assessment NA1 5 Assessment types

6. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA NA1 6 Needs assessments within the WASH Cluster

7. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Stop and ask: Is the information is really needed? Is there is another way to gather the information? Could we participate in a joint assessment process e.g. through the cluster? NA1 7

8. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Define the assessment purpose Who needs the information? Programme and operational staff; Fund-raisers; Communications and media staff; Lobbyists. What information do they need? What do they want to use it for? NA1 8

9. WASH Cluster – Emergency Training NA Common challenges or constraints Assessments fail to produce the data needed. Information is not comparable or incomplete. Assessments are overly time-consuming and collect more information than needed. The quality and credibility of information is unreliable. Duplication and over-assessment of certain populations or issues by multiple agencies. NA1 9