1. Personality and Individuality By: Ty and Naddy
Unit 5
Personality and Individuality
By: Ty and Naddy

2. Different Traits
Cardinal trait- a trait that is so persuasive that the person is almost identified with the trait
One of Tyler’s cardinal traits is his ways to amuse people by acting funny
Surface trait- characteristic that can be observed in certain situations
Bauder is a real nice guy, but when he’s on that basketball court he’s tough and mean
Source trait- a characteristic that can be considered to be the core of the personality
One of Naddy’s main source traits is she is carefree and lively

3. Matching
Behaviorism- belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable behavior and nothing else
Validity- the ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure
Unconscious- the part of the mind that holds mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and memories of which are unaware but that strongly influences conscious behaviors
Self- ones experience or image of oneself developed through interactions with others
Heritability- a measure of the degree to which a characteristic is related to genetic, inherited factors
Fully functioning- an individual whose person and self coincide

4. Completion&Multiple Choice
Ego- part of personality that is in touch with reality
Id- part of the unconscious personality that contains our needs, drives, and instincts, as well as repressed material
Percentile system- a system for ranking test scores that indicates the ratio of scores lower and higher than a given score
Reliability-ability of a test to give the same results under similar conditions
Standardized- tests must be administered and scored the same way every time

5. Defensive Mechanisms Examples:
Definition: certain specific means by which the ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances
Examples:
Rationalization- “Those test questions didn’t make sense!”
Repression- “I hate you, Dad”
Denial- “No, that really didn’t happen to me”
Projection- “I’m not the jealous one, she is!”
Reaction Formation- “Here son, I can’t have you this weekend, but here is 50 bucks, go have some fun”
Regression- 16 year old boy: “WAAAAAHHHH”
Displacement- “Grandma, your always in the way”
Sublimation- “I’m going to work harder in practice because she makes me mad”

6. Theories
Two-factor- Charles Spearman’s theory of intelligence that proposes that two factors contribute to an individual’s intelligence
Social cognitive- Albert Bandura’s theory in which a person acquires new behavior by watching others
Personal construct- George Kelly’s theory that our processes are psychological channelized by the ways in which each of us anticipates events

7. Different Tests
Achievement-an instrument used to measure the amount of knowledge a person has learned in a given subject or area
Rorschach Inkblot- developed by Hermann Rorschach in which he uses ten cards with ink blots on them to elicit emotional responses from people
Projective- an unstructured test of personality in which a person is asked to respond freely, giving his or her own interpretation of various ambiguous stimuli
Objective- a forced-choice test designed to study personality characteristics in which a person must select one of several answers

8. People of the Psych Carl Jung B.F. Skinner Freud’s closest associate
He distinguished between the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious
He called these
ideas archetypes
B.F. Skinner
He founded the 5 purposes of the personality

9. Humanistic Approaches to Personality
They stress to create and live by personal standards and perceptions instead of instinctual urges or irrational and destructive instincts and/or external causes of behavior

10. Short Answer
Explain the two sources of controversy surrounding IQ Testing.
As genetic relationship increases the similarity of IQ also increases
Environment does in fact impact IQ’s
Explain the two basic assumptions of trait theories of personalities.
Every trait applies to all people, for example, everyone can be classified as more or less dependent
These descriptions can be quantified, for example, we might establish a scale on which an extremely dependent person scores one while a very independent person scores ten.

11. Credits A Glanzer and Wipf Production Sound: Animations: Natalie Wipf Backdrops: Natalie Wipf and Tyler Glanzer Information at large: Tyler Glanzer Starring: Kevin Garnett as himself Latrell Sprewell as himself Sam Cassell as himself Christian Guzman as himself B.F. Skinner as himself Carl Jung as himself Baby smurf as itself Thank you for enjoying our show. Not responsible for any accidents.