1. World War II
April 5, 2010

2. Major Dates September 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland – Start of War
Britain and France declare war on Germany
December 7, 1941
Japan bombs Pearl Harbor – USA enters war
May 1945
Germany Surrenders
September 1945
Japan Surrenders
April 5, 2010

3. Who Allies Axis Germany Italy Japan Great Britain Hitler U.S.A.
Churchill
U.S.A.
F.D.R. and Truman
USSR
Stalin
France
Surrendered to Germany- 1940
Germany
Hitler
Italy
Mussolini
Japan
Tojo
April 5, 2010

4. Why World War II ? Treaty of Versailles land lost Reparations
Germany becomes bankrupt
World Wide Depression
Germany’s debt increases
scapegoats are created
Rise of Totalitarian Regions
Fascism (Spain, Germany, Italy)
Communism (USSR)
Military Dictatorship (Japan)
April 5, 2010

5. Why World War II ? Isolationism U.S.A. Great Depression
Perceptions of World War I
Pacifism
Appeasement
Began with Japan Manchuria
Italy Ethiopia (Haile Salessie)
League of Nations=Sanctions
Germany Sudetenland
Munich Conference
April 5, 2010

6. What About Hitler ? Weimer Republic thought to be decadent and weak
Great Depression
provided solutions
scapegoats
Kristalhacht
Fascism (military government based on racism and nationalism with strong support of business)
April 5, 2010

7. What About Hitler ? Continued…
Hitler Wanted
Lebensraum (Return Germany)
Annexed Austria – 1938
Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia)
Munich Conference (appeasement)
Nonaggression Pact/Nazi-Soviet Pact
with USSR – gets half of Poland
April 5, 2010

8. World War II
April 8, 2010
German Aggression

9. Spanish Civil War 1936–Nationalists vs. Republicans
(Fascists) (Communists)
Guerica (Spanish City)
(Practice for Germany) Luftwaffe
terror bombing
1,654 people killed
Francisco Franco becomes leader of Spain
April 8, 2010

10. Anti Commintern Pact 1936 – Germany and Japan fight Communism
April 8, 2010

11. Nazi-Soviet Pact - 1939 Nonaggression Pact – split Poland
Germany – Fascists (extreme nationalism)
USSR – Communism (international change and classless society)
Shocked Europe
Hitler used communism as excuse:
Build up military
Enter Rhinland
Anticommintern Pact
April 8, 2010

12. World War II Begins September 1, 1939 – Germany attacks Poland
Blitzkrieg
1st planes = panic
2nd tanks
3rd foot soldiers
1940
Germany goes through:
Denmark
Norway
Netherlands
Belgium
April 8, 2010

13. World War II Begins Continued…
Germany attacks France through mountains
Dunkirk ,000 rescued
June 22, 1940 – France Surrenders
Vichy Government established
Germany Puppet
Battle of Britain
August – October 1940
Goal = destroy Britain’s air force
“London Blitz”
New technology saved Britain
Failure called off in 1941
April 8, 2010

14. World War II Begins Continued…
Hitler went after USSR
“Operation Babarossa”
June 1941 – USSR attacked
3 million German troops
USSR was no match
Germans couldn’t withstand the Russian winter
April 8, 2010

15. World War II
April 12, 2010
Allies Respond

16. U.S.A. Reaction Neutrality Acts
Forbade sale of arms with any country at war
Pacifism
Opposition to all war
Land – Lease Act
Gave aid to Allies
Atlantic Charter
Issued by FDR and Churchill
Set goals for war
April 12, 2010

17. Japan Attacks – December 7, 1941
Why?
U.S.A. banned sale of oil because of Japan’s aggressive behavior towards Indo China
December 8, 1941
U.S.A. declares war on Japan
December 11, 1941
Germany, Italy, and Japan declare war on U.S.A.
April 12, 2010

18. Battle of the Atlantic Why? supplies Major Battles Coral Sea
May 1942 = North East coast of Australia
U.S.A. stops Japan’s advancement
Midway
June 1942 – island in the middle of the Pacific
America’s Military Base U.S. broke Japan’s code
U.S. destroyed 4 Japanese carriers
April 12, 2010

19. Battle of the Atlantic Continued…
Guadalcanal
August February = Solomon Islands
Island hopping (capture weak targets)
Allies captured Solomon, Gilbert, Marshall, Caroline, and Mariana Islands
Leyte Gulf
October 1944 = Allies win Philippines
April 12, 2010

20. Battle in Africa Suez Canal = oil supplies from Middle East
El Alamein = Egypt
Allies win because Italy was weak and Germans lacked supplies moved north to Italy
April 12, 2010

21. U.S.S.R. Siege of Leningrad German blockaded 1 million Soviets starved
Stalingrad = Volga River = 1942
City produced weapons
Ports shipped grain and oil
Stalin “hold at all coasts”
Germans defeated and surrounded by Soviets
Beginning of German failure
April 12, 2010

22. World War II
April 14, 2010
End of World War II

23. War Ends in Europe 1943 = Stalingrad Soviets push back Germans
June 6, 1944 = D-Day
Allies invaded France
Secured Normandy Beach
December 1944 = Battle of Bulge
German counterattacked in Belgium
Pushed back Allies (“Bulge”)
January 1945 = Allies win
Allies race to Berlin
Soviets get there in April
April 14, 2010

24. War Ends in Europe Continued…
April 28, 1945
Mussolini was executed by his people (Italians)
May 2, 1945
Hitler found dead
May 7, 1945
V-E Day (Victory in Europe)
Allies win war over in Europe
April 14, 2010

25. War Ends in the Pacific February 1945 = Iwo Jima
750 miles south of Japan
7,000 Americans dead
20,000 Japanese dead
Month long battle
Battle of Okinawa
350 miles from Japan
12,000 Americans dead
100,000 Japanese dead
Atomic Bomb
Used energy by splitting atoms
Began in 1939 – tested July 1945
April 14, 2010

26. War Ends in the Pacific Continued…
May 1945 => FDR dies (Truman takes his place)
July 26, 1945 => Allies demand that Japan surrenders
August 6, 1945 => Hiroshima is bombed
August 9, 1945 => Nagasaki is bombed
August 15, 1945 => V-J Day (Victory over Japan)
World War II now over in the Pacific
April 14, 2010

27. Effects of World War II Atlantic Charter
July 1941 => FDR and Churchill
Goals for war and peace
Tehran, Iran
November 1943 => FDR, Churchill, and Stalin
Planned D-Day and future peace
Yalta Conference
Goal = Postwar Europe
Created United Nations
June 1945 => United Nations charter signed
June 1945 => Potsdam Conference
U.S.A. and USSR become world powers
Conflict = Cold War
April 14, 2010