1. STRUCTURES & STRATAGIES
HIGHER REVISION
STRUCTURES & STRATAGIES

2. FIRST THOUGHTS

3. CYCLE OF ANALYSIS (Recap)
1. INVESTIGATE – Where you explain how a specific aspect of performance was investigated through gathering and analysisng information.
2. ANALYSIS – Where you explain how the knowledge acquired from the study of relevant concepts has helped you to Analyse performance and plan a development programme
3. DEVELOP – Where you explain how the content and suitability of the programme of work were monitored over the period of training
4. EVALUATE – Where you reflect on the planning, effectiveness and benefits of the programme of work completed,

4. What is a structure / strategy?
A Structure can be a formation that a team adapts to apply a particular strategy which will hopefully bring about individual and team improvement. ( Football,3-5-2 creates width in midfield)
STRATEGY
Directly competitive activities
Use space in attack & defence

5. How do we decide on a structure? FUNDAMENTALS-
Using space to your advantage (offence)
Denying space (defence)
Tempo(offence / defence)
Advantages v Disadvantages of structures and strategies
Strengths and weakness of team / opponents

6. ROLES & RESPONSIBILITY What determines where you will play?
Physical Qualities
Personal Qualities
Position
Skills
Height / Pace / Strength
Decision maker / Communicator
Defence , Midfield, Forward
Shooting, Passing, Heading, Tackling

7. EVERY STRUCTURE or STRATEGY NEEDS…
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
FULL CO-OPERATION
SUPPORT
WORKING KNOWLEDGE
COMPETENCE

8. FORMATIONS
Knowledge of your overall strengths and weakness helps make decisions about;
Benefits of a formation
Limitations of a formation
Examples of formations 4,4,2 3,5,2 4,5,1
Strengths and weaknesses of each?

9. FORMATIONS
Collecting info on your performance, you can make decisions about the best formation to use
Or you can continually refine your formation
Opposition, injury, state of pay ect
Consider Principles of Play
Width, depth, mobility, support, pressure

10. ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES
In every group it is important to understand your;
ROLE and how it relates to your team mates
RESPONSIBILITIES of your specific role
Examples please?
Each player has a different R/R for the team to work effectively as a unit
Many attributes define your role
Physical, skills, decision making,
When individual strengths & weakness are considered relevant S/S can be planned

11. Principles of Play
All invasion games are played according to basic principles. They are applicable to both the attack and defence phases of play.

12. Principles of Play (Attack)
Possession:
When a team has the ball it is vital that they retain possession of it.
The longer possession is retained the more control they have of the game.

13. Principles of Play (Attack)
Width:
Creates gaps and stretches the defence, it gives the attackers more space to make runs and to receive the ball and to shoot/pass.
It is advantageous to create space towards the touchline to spread the opposition’s defence.
It allows more space for attackers to work in.
It stretches the opposing defence, making them work harder, creating gaps

14. Principles of Play (Attack)
Support:
When a player is in possession of the ball, teammates should move into an open position to offer a passing option.
Speed:
To be successful in attack speed of action and thought are vital.

15. Principles of Play (Attack)
Mobility:
The attackers who are not in possession of the ball should move continually with purpose, in order to draw defenders, and to create and use space.
Attackers need to interchange position and work on split second timing or runs to create problems for defenders.
Midfielders and defenders need to be interchangeable to help support attack and cover defence
Allows players to get free to receive the ball

16. Principles of Play (Attack)
Penetration:
This is possible when the attacking players take on the defenders at pace and by getting in behind the defence using fast passing, dribbling
Depth:
This allows the player on the ball to keep possession of the ball by passing back while their team move forward to support play.
Concentration:
All attacking players in order to reduce attacking errors.

17. Principles of Play (Defence)
Depth:
This provides cover for the defender marking the ball. It also acts as a counter balance against the opposition going on the fast break.
Delay:
If a defender cannot gain possession of the ball from an interception or a tackle then they should delay or attempt to slow down the attack.
This allows the other defenders to have time to recover, get goal side of the ball and re-position them.

18. Principles of Play (Defence)
Balance:
Balance is where every attacking move and pass is covered/denied by the defence.
Concentration:
This is required by all defending players in order to reduce defensive errors. Anticipation and good decision making limits the offensive options.
Speed:
The speed of recovery, action and thought are vital in defence.

19. Principles of Play (Defence)
Safety/Security:
In defence safety and security are the first priority. Keep all moves simple and clear your lines.
Pressure:
Close down the player on the ball as quickly as possible.

20. Speed of the Ball Ball moves faster than you do
Cover more ground
Hold formation
Not get to close to team-mates
Speed of the ball is important in both Attack & Defence

21. Speed of Ball (Attack) Velocity (speed) of pass
Reaches team mate
Hard to intercept
Too hard;
Hard to control
Accuracy
Loose possession
Examples from within a game?

22. Speed of Ball (Attack) Quick passes open up defences
Players follow the ball
Quicker you move the ball defenders have to adjust position
If you see gaps/space before receiving ball you save more time
Player movement off the ball creates spaces/passing opportunities

23. Speed of Ball (Attack) Slowing the ball down Maintain possession
Winning game
Support to arrive from other players
But defending team also has time to re-organise
Draw out opposition
Crowded areas
Move ball using width to create space

24. Speed of Ball (Attack) One/Two passing Fast accurate passing
Eliminate defenders / chase ball
Tire them out (speed/endurance)
Fast accurate passing
Draw defenders out (spaces behind them)
Used in areas of little space / lots of players
Examples you can thing of in a game?

25. Speed of Ball (Attack) Shooting / Heading / Volleying
Distance from goal
Outside/inside box or penalty or free kick
Goalkeeper can react to fast shoots as quickly
Power over Accuracy?
Penalty and free-kicks are balls not in motion. How would your strike differ from a pass or cut back when the ball is moving faster to you?

26. Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)
High ball speed is important during Counter Attack
Getting ball from defence to attack as quickly as possible
Defending players out of position
More space to pass or run into

27. Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)
Weight of pass
Ball played quickly
In front of player to run onto – why?
Not too hard – why?
Not too slow – player has to ‘check’ run

28. Speed of Ball (Defence)
Pressure from attackers
Long, quick and high balls to attackers
Counter attack (support from midfield)
Ball away from danger area
But if no support in attack ball could be lost and pressure back on
Quick short passes
Play out of defence using midfield players
Keep possession
Remember its an area with lots of players and little space

29. Speed of Ball (Defence)
Slow down passing
Play across defence if no options to play long to attack or short to midfield
Move ball across pitch (width) to try and open up space and draw out oppossition

30. THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SPACE
A fundamental feature of good tactical team play is being able to optimise your space when attacking, and being able to close down your opponents’ space when defending. It requires;
good spatial awareness
good role and team awareness.
Players know how effectively they perform in their role

31. THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SPACE
The objective of the selected structure/strategy is to use and create space and options in bringing the ball to the goal area.
Players must have an awareness of spaces and when, where & how to move.
Players must co-operate within the structure/strategy by ensuring that their opponents are not allowed to interfere with the planned strategy
Support play & skill combined to make correct option

32. ZONE MARKING
Zonal marking is a defensive strategy where defenders cover an area of the pitch rather than marking a specific opponent
If an opponent moves into the area a defender is covering, the defender marks the opponent.
If the opponent leaves this area, then marking the opponent becomes the responsibility of another defender.

33. Advantages/Disadvantages of Zone Marking
Areas of pitch are covered
Saves players energy
Keep team formation intact
Prevents spaces for attackers
Disadvantages
Overload of attackers in one area
People not sure of who they are marking

34. MAN TO MAN MARKING
Man-to-man marking, or man marking, is a defensive strategy where defenders are assigned a specific opposition player to mark rather than covering an area of the pitch.

35. Advantages/Disadvantages of Man to Man Marking
Every player should be marked
Player knows who to mark/follow
Match players with same physical qualities
Disadvantages
Defending players get moved out of position
Team formation is lost – creating space for attackers
Physically tiring
Poor match up of players (fast v slow or tall v short)