1. Enterprise Wide Information Systems SAP R/3 Overview & Basis Technology1

2. Topics The R/3 Basis System Technical Architecture
Client/Server Architecture
Application Architecture
System Communication
Technical Architecture
Client/Server Overview
Resource Management
Technical Configurations
Object Migration
The “Database” Client 2

3. SAP R/3 Basis System
Logistical
Financial

4. Basis System: Three-Tier Computer Hierarchy
Central Database
(Storage of all data)
Access to Dataase:
(Read / Write data)
Database
Input / Output
of data to users
Processing of data
using application logic
Application
Presentation of the
processed data to
the user
Presentation

5. Typical Basis Systems: Client Server Architecture
Central System
Two - tier
Distributed System
Client/Server
Three - tier
Multi-layer
Cooperative
(w/ release 4.0B)
Presentation
Application
Database

6. Basis System: Application Architecture
Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT, OSF/Motif,
Presentation Manager, Macintosh
ABAP/4, C, C++
DB2/400
OS/400
Windows ‘95
OS/2
IBM
AS/400
AT&T Data General SNI
Bull/Zenith HP Sequent
Compaq IBM Digital
ADABAS D, Oracle 7.1,
MS SQL Server 6.0
Windows NT
UNIX systems
Bull HP SNI
Digital IBM SUN
AIX SINIX
HP-UX SOLARIS
Digital UNIX
ADABAS D,
DB2, INFORMIX,
ORACLE 7.1
Hardware
Operating
Systems
Databases
Dialog
SAPGUI
Languages

7. R/3 Communication / Interfaces
Remote
Function Call
Electronic Data
Interchange
Program Interface
Communication
Object Linking
and Embedding
Application
Link Enabling
R/ 3
Web
Interface

8. Topics The R/3 Basis System Technical Architecture
Client/Server Architecture
Application Architecture
System Communication
Technical Architecture
Client/Server Overview
Resource Management
Technical Configurations
Object Migration
The Client 8

9. Client/Server Overview
LAN
TCP / IP
Client

10. Client/Server Overview (Logical Structure)
Data Storage
Application
Logic
Client
Presentation

11. SAP R/3 Resource Management: The Dispatcher
Presentation
SAP GUI
Communications
Application
Dispatcher
Work
Process
Work
Process
Work
Process
Buffers
Data base

12. SAP R/3 Resource Management: Data Flow
Presentation
SAP GUI
Terminal
Process 1 7
Application
Dispatcher 2
Request queues 3
SAP Memory Buffer 6
Work
Process
Roll
Page 4 5
Data base
Relational data base system

13. SAP R/3 Resource Management: Work ProcessesB
Message M
Dialog
Update
SAP Dispatcher
Background Jobs
Enqueue C
Gateway
R/2
R/3 G
Spool

14. SAP R/3 Resource Management: Lock Management by the Enqueue Work Process
Instance A
Message
Server
Dispatcher
Work
Process
Update
Work
Process
Enqueue
Instance B
Work
Process
Update
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Lock table in
main storage

15. SAP R/3 Resource Management: R/3 Instance
Dialog
Update
Spool
Back-
ground
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Database
Instance
Instance Profiles
(parameters)
Message
Server
SAP
Gateway
SAP Buffers
Instance
Start or
Stop
Central

16. SAP R/3 Resource Management: Distributed SAP R/3 Processing
Dialog
Back-
ground
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Instance 03
Enqueue
Dialog
. . .
Dispatcher
Instance 02
Dialog
Update
Enqueue
Spool
Dispatcher
Mess-
age
Gate-
way
Instance 01

17. Technical Configuration
Development
Testing
Production
Database
Servers
SAP R/3 Technical Configuration
An SAP R/3 System can consist of one or more instances (e.g. a central instance or a distributed SAP R/3 System).
Multiple instances are represented by the configuration of a database server and one or more application servers.
Only one database and dictionary will exist for an SAP R/3 System.
Note: with R/4, you can have multiple database instances.
To isolate each distinct phase of an implementation, a typical or recommended configuration for an SAP R/3 System implementation will consist of three separate systems:
Development: for configuration of SAP applications with user specific data and user development.
Quality Assurance Testing: to isolate development from final testing and user training for production.
Production: of live business transactions and company data.
Application
Servers
Presentation
Servers 17

18. Technical Configuration: Example18

19. Corrections and Transport
Object Migration
Corrections and Transport
Development
QA Testing
Production
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Export
Import
Export
Import

20. Object Migration Corrections and Transport Development QA Testing
Program A
Version 1
Program A
Version 1 ?
Program A
Version 2
Program A
Version 2 ?
Program A
Version 3
Program A
Version 3
Originals

21. The Client America Client 010 Europe Client 020 Japan Client 030

22. Client Copies Configuration Development Quality Assurance
Interface Testing
Quality Assurance
User Training