1. Why Kobetsu Kaizen called as Focused improvement?
TPM originated in Japan in 1971, so all the terms were in Japanese. Kobetsu Kaizen means Focused improvement in Japanese.
Kobetsu is written as below in Japanese. 個別
And the word meaning is ‘Individual’
Which emphasis the importance of targeting individual losses, which contribute to major losses. This will result in quick results. In other words, we focus on individual losses, hence the name focused improvement.
By this portion of the article, you should have got an idea of Kobetsu Kaizen.

2. T.P.M. Basic Kobetsu Kaizen and TPM
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) was developed by Seiichi Nakajima in Japan between the 1950s and 1970s. There are 8 pillars in Total Productive Maintenance. TPM helps to reach perfect production by attaining below three points.
Zero breakdowns
Zero defects
Zero accidents

3. PILLERS OF TPM Autonomous Maintenance (JH Pillar)
Planned Maintenance (PM Pillar)
Quality Maintenance (QM Pillar)
Focused Improvement (KK Pillar)
Early Equipment Management (DM Pillar)
Training and Education (ET Pillar)
Safety, Health, Environment (SHE Pillar)
TPM in Administration (OTPM Pillar)