1. What Is Total Station?

2. A Total Station is an electrical and digitally operated surveying instrument used for measurement and survey work. It is a gainful instrument for estimating points like even and vertical, and distance. Working Principle of Total Station In Surveying Reflectorless fitted in total stations measure distances between two points that are reasonably light in color, to a few hundred meters. It also provides data on the coordinate of the instrument position and bearing of a backward station the coordinates of any other point can be computed.

3. Components of Total Station 04 06 02 03 The following are major Total Station Functions Electronic transit theodolite Electronic distance meter (EDM) Microprocessor Electronic data collector & storage system Data Collector: The data collector collects and stores the information or perceptions. The entire activity of taking in-out and putting away information is constrained by the information gatherer. Reflectors: The reflector is quietly the most fundamental function of the Total station. This is because of the Total station capacities or takes the estimations using the reflected beams.

4. Keyboard: It is an essential accessory of the Total station, for providing the order to the microprocessor inbuilt into the Total station which contains different order keys. These keys incorporate switching keys, command keys, lighting keys, power keys, and so on. Software: In the majority of the Total station, the working system utilized is Windows CE. The following are major Total Station Parts

5. In addition to the significant parts, the Total station likewise needs some extra function keys. Such include the control panel, keyboard, data collectors, memories, etc. RANGO DE 5OO METROS

9. Advantages of Total Station The following are major benefits of using the total station in surveying 1. Ease of Use This instrument is easy & instinctive to use. They can measure the distance and horizontal estimations at the same time, and they make it simple to compute northing-easting (coordinates). 2. Speedy Work Total stations can collect the information very quickly, so the surveyor can get in and out of the field efficiently and quickly. 3. Convenience The total station offers a quick and convenient setup. By means of using a total station, the surveyor can work and take multiple surveys from one station point. 4. Accuracy The total station is more accurate to a fraction of an arc second as well as to measure distances to hundredths of a foot over thousands of feet.

10. 01 5. CAD interface The total station can without much of a stretch download review information to a PC-helped drawing (CAD) program. 6. Avoids Manual Mistakes Fieldwork is done extremely quickly and manual mistakes associated with fieldwork and recording are eliminated. 7. Fast Calculations The calculation of coordinates is very fast & accurate. Even corrections for temperatures and pressures are automatically made. 8. Easy Computer Integration Map-making, plotting contour, and cross-sections may get by using raw data from computers. Scales & contour intervals can be changed in no time.

11. The capability of a Total station The microprocessor unit of a total station can compute the data collected, An average number of angles was measured. An average number of distances measured. Compute the distance between two points. Compute the horizontal distance between two points. Compute the object’s elevation.

12. Types of Total Station Mechanical Total Station Mechanical total stations are reliable and accurate, and they make surveying quick and easy. They don’t offer remote control operation & automated features, however, the operation typically requires two people. Robotic Total Station These Total stations take into account more innovative accommodation. They give broadened controller capacities and need just a single operator, and they take into consideration expanded security in the testing landscape due to their novel capacity to work a good way off.

13. 3. Prism Total Stations Both the mechanical & robotic total stations come under prism models. These total stations are more traditional than the above two models, and they are still more commonly used. This Total station uses prisms to reflect infrared waves and then determines angles & distance by measuring the prism’s location. 4. Reflector Less Total Stations: Both mechanical and robotic total stations come under reflector-less versions as well. These total stations of the newer model are useful for taking measurements in challenging circumstances. This type of total station can work in difficult terrain or in places where you can’t reach on foot, and they don’t require the use of a prism.

14. Uses of Total Station in Surveying 1. Distance Measuring One of the main employments of the Total station is distance measuring. It is very well utilized for distance estimation by utilizing a regulated transporter infrared signal. 2. Angle Measurement The most significant utilization of the Total station is the measurements of the angle between two points. These precise estimations are finished by utilizing the electrical and optical filtering arrangement of the telescope. 3. Co-ordinate Determinations It is additionally a significant use of the Total Station to decide the area of the necessary field. For example, the Total station can be utilized to compute the X, Y, and Z coordinates of any point. 4. Mining Before the initiation of any mining work, a mining survey work must be finished. The Total station is a significant instrument utilized for this reason. 5. Civil Engineering Construction Works Almost all types of civil engineering construction and related work can be done using the total station. It can be used for making maps and plans, demarcating property lines, land surveying, determining the alignment of roads, bridges, tunnels, etc.

15. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE USING TOTAL STATION The following precautions must be taken while using a total station on the field The total station must be handled properly and held by both hands. The tripod must be held on a stable surface as far as possible and practicable. The charged battery pack must be kept along with the battery discharged. The tripod with the total station mounted on it must not be carried from one station to another station. When the tribrach has been removed from the total station, it should be handled carefully.

16. Resources