1. BHUVNESH SHARMA, SNEHA PANDEY* ANSHIKA SHARMA, SHIVAM SHARMA
SANSKAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND REASERCH,
NH-9, Jindal Nagar, GHAZIABAD, INDIA
_OPERATION OF VULGARIS ACNE_
BHUVNESH SHARMA, SNEHA PANDEY* ANSHIKA SHARMA, SHIVAM SHARMA
SANSKAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND REASERCH,
NH-9, Jindal Nagar, GHAZIABAD, INDIA
.id :
Poster No.: 91
RESULT & DISCUSSION
ABSTRACT
In females acne can be treated with the use of combined oral contraceptives. Third or fourth generation progestins such as norgestimate, desogestrel or drospirenone combination product may be more beneficial. Oestrogenic oral contraceptive is an effective for acne. Due to androgenic properties of oral contraceptive norethisterone is contradicted in acne. Anti-androgen cyproterone combined with 50 µg of ethinylestradiol is available as Dianette which is most effective hormonal intervention. A combination of ethinylestradiol with drospirenone available as Yasmin® has been found to be effective . Spironolactone has been shown to be effective for older women .
Acne, which may be brought on by Acne vulgaris, is one of the most frequent skin conditions that dermatologists and other qualified healthcare professionals treat. Due to their variable hormonal imbalances, adolescents are most commonly affected by the acne disorder; children and the elderly suffer from it less frequently. Acne treatments are now widely accessible, reasonably priced, and quite effective. Topical therapies, systemic medications, and physical modalities including laser and photodynamic therapy are among the treatments offered. Acne vulgaris has reportedly been shown to have certain effects on a patient’s quality of life, as well ason the patient’s self-esteem and psychological growth. As there are many over-the-counter remedies available, choosing one that is suited to the patient’s needs may be challenging for doctors. The therapy that must bechosen must not only be efficient but also have a much quicker time to cure the condition than other treatments .Acne vulgaris is primarily diagnosed clinically. Finding the origins of acne, such as aggravating medications or endocrinological abnormalities, can be aided by taking a medical history and performing a physical examination. Dermatologists and other doctors both find managing acne to be a challenging endeavour. This article discusses numerous effective strategies that are currently being used to manage acne and focuses on how different treatments for acne are evaluated.
Keywords: Dermatologists, endocrinological abnormalities, and acne vulgaris
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INTRODUCTION
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous
unit (comprising the hair follicle, hair shaft and sebaceous gland) and is
among the most com-mon dermatological conditions worldwide, with
an esti-mated 650million people affected.
Acne vulgaris or simply known as acne is a human skin disease
characterized by skin with scaly red skin (seborrhea), blackheads
and whiteheads (comedones), pinheads (papules), large papules
(nodules), pimples and scarring . Acne affects skin having dense
sebaceous follicles in areas including face, chest and back . Acne
may be of inflammatory or non-inflammatory forms. Due to changes
in pilosebaceous units lesions are caused by androgen stimulation.
Acne occurs commonly during adolescence, affecting about 80–90%
of teenagers in the Western world and lower rate are reported inrural societies .
Acne is usually caused by increase in androgens
level like testosterone mainly during puberty in both male and
female . Acne reduces over time and tends to disappear over the age.
The large nodules called as cysts and severe inflammatory acne called
as nodulocystic . The cystic acne occurs on buttocks, groin, armpit
area, hair follicles and perspiration ducts and affects deeper skin
tissue than common acne. Acne causes scarring and psychological
effects such as; reduced self-esteem and in rare cases depression
or suicide . Reports showed the incidence of suicidal tendency in
patients with acne as about 7.1% . Acne usually occurs during
adolescence . The word acne refers to the presence of papules,
scars, comedones and pustules. The common form of acne is known
as acne vulgaris. Many teenagers suffer from this type of acne. Acne
vulgaris shows the presence of comedones. Acne rosacea is
synonym for rosacea and some persons not have acne comedones
associated with their rosacea, hence prefer the term rosacea.
Chloracne occurs due to exposure to polyhalogenated compounds. A
CONCLUSION
Methodology
Acne vulgaris is most common skin disorders that affect people in
their adolescence. Acne vulgaris is characterized by skin with
seborrhea, blackheads and comedones, papules, papules, pimples
and scarring. Various scales used for grading the severity of acne
vulgaris are Pillsbury scale, cook’s acne grading scale and Leeds acne grading technique. Various medicines for acne treatment includes benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics like erythromycin ,clindamycin, tetracyclines, antiseborrheic medications like sulfur and sodium sulphacetamide, anti-androgen medications like norgestimate, desogestrel or drospirenone, Dianette, Yasmin. salicylic acid, hormonal treatments, alpha hydroxy acid, retinoids, azelaic acid, keratolytic soaps and nicotinamide. Currently laser and light devices and minor subcision surgery have been also performed for acne treatment. Recently genome sequencing of P. acnes bacteriophage (PA6) identified which could enhance the development of a potential bacteriophage therapy to treat acne.
Comedo extraction may help patient with comedones that are not treated with standard treatment.Corticosteroids are injected into the acne comedone for immediate relief . There is no report that microdermabrasion is effective. As of 2012, report for light therapy and lasers is insufficient for regular use . Light therapy is an expensive treatment and provides short term benefit and there is a lack of long term outcome data in patients with severe acne . Laser surgery can be used to reduce the scars left behind by acne . Boils can be removed by surgical lancing in patients with cystic acne. In a double blind, randomized study, a comparison was done between alpha-hydroxy (30% glycolic acid) versus beta-hyequall(30% salicylic acid) peels and it was found that both peels were equally effective for acne treatment. Subcision is occasionally used to treat acne scars. Subcision involves insertion of a tri-beveled hypodermic needle through skin surface puncture and maneuvering its edges to break down subcuticular fibrotic strands to release the skin fromthe underlying connective tissue . It appears to be equally effective as collagen filler .
Laser and Light Devices
The reports showed that photodynamic therapy, light emitting
diode therapy and combination of pneumatic energy and light has
been successfully used with traditional therapies for treatment of
acne . For the treatment of acne combination product Isolaz (
Aesthera, Pleasanton, CA, USA) uses a vacuum with broad band
light source has been shown to be effective in 11 patients treated at
3 week intervals and decreases inflammatory and noninflammatory
lesions .
Alternative Medicine
Various natural products have been investigated for treatment of
acne . Topically administered Azelaic acid (20%) twice daily for six
months has been shown to be effective for treatment of mild to
moderate acne [83]. It is similar effective as 5% topical benzoyl
peroxide, 0.05% isotretinoin and 2% erythromycin . Sometimes
azelaic acid may cause skin irritation. A topical application of tea
tree oil is also effective for acne treatment . A vaccine has been
tested successfully against inflammatory acne in mice but has not
yet been proven to be effective in humans . In 2007, the first genome
sequencing of a P. acnes bacteriophage (PA6) occurred which could
enhance the development of a potential bacteriophage therapy to
treat acne and might improve the problems associated with long
term antibiotic therapy and bacterial resistance.
Laser and Light Devices
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
REFERENCES •
2186_A_Brief_Review_on_Acne_Vulgaris_Pathoge
nesis_Diagnosis_and_Treatment • •
Presented at the “International Conference (Hybrid Mode) on ­the "Artificial Intelligence in Business, Management and Pharmaceutical Technology'” held at Sunder Deep Group of Institutions, Dasna, Ghaziabad on 18th-19th February 2023.