1. Principles And Methods of Teaching Unit# 4:Discussion Method Complied by Saima Victor Post RN BSN RNM RN

2. Objectives At the end of the presentation students will have knowledge about Discussion Method Characteristics of Discussion Method Appropriate use Advantages and disadvantages of Discussion Method

3. Discussion The act of talking about a topic with another person or a group of people in order to reach a decision or to exchange ideas. It is a two way communication.

4. Discussion Method Discussion Method In a class room a teacher and the students participate in the discussion. The discussion method for the students, is more active learning experience, than lecture.

5. Discussion Method Discussion methods are a variety of forums for open-ended, collaborative exchange of ideas among a teacher and students or among students for the purpose of furthering students thinking, learning, problem solving, understanding, or literary appreciation. Participants present multiple points of view, respond to the ideas of others, and reflect on their own ideas in an effort to build their knowledge, understanding, or interpretation of the matter at hand.

6. Types of Discussion 1- Formal-Panel, Symposium 2- Informal- Group Discussion, Debates Discussion methods vary on a number of dimensions. Roby (1988) classifies types of discussions primarily on a continuum that relates to whether the teacher or students, or both, have interpretive authority. A secondary dimension is the content of the discussion.

7. Types of Discussion 1-Problematical discussions focus on the solutions to either complex or simple problems in which the teacher is dominant in the discussions. 2-Dialectical discussions focus on expressing, comparing, and refining students (and the teachers) points of view, and the students play a dominant role in the discussions. 3- Informational discussions focus on controversial issues within an accepting atmosphere, and students have considerable freedom to bring up issues they wish to discuss.

8. Types of Discussion 4- Quasi-discussions a) Bull Sessions: an informal discursive group discussion. the students have control over the topic and almost all the interpretive authority b) Quiz Shows: the teacher determines the questions to be asked and has almost all the interpretive authority

9. Characteristics A defining feature of discussion is that students have considerable freedom and capacity in the construction of knowledge, understanding, or interpretation. In other words, they have considerable “interpretive authority” for evaluating the *plausibility or validity of participants responses. * seeming reasonable or probable

10. Uses To stimulate thinking and interest in order to student participation To develop imaginative solution to problems To emphasis main teaching points To supplement lectures, reading or laboratory exercise To determine, how well students understands concepts and principles

11. Uses To prepare students for application of theory of procedure To summarize clarify points and review

12. Advantages 1- Increase student’s interest and confidence on sharing their own ideas 2- Makes students mature, self guided and develop leadership 3- Develops higher level of thinking process and expression ability 4- Promote respect and acceptance of other people 5- Provide opportunity to get involved in the learning process 6- Promote effective objective realization 7- Results in more permanent learning because of higher level of student’s participation

13. Disadvantages 1- Discussion can be dominated by students having high I.Q levels 2- Require highly skilled instructor 3- Require preparation by students 4- Limits content 5- Can deviate from the topic 6- Consumes time 7- Restricts size of group

14. Conclusion