1. Orientation to Developing Teaching learning Material - AV aid
Dr. Anjali Mehta
Dr. Priti Chaudhari
Dr. Jyotsna Amin
Acknowledgement: Dr. Rina Godara

2. IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING AID
Saves time & energy
Makes subject interesting
Clarity of subject
Motivates for learning
Provides varied learning experinces
Provision of sensory experiences
Substitutes for direct experience
Helps in making lerning permanent
Helpful in individual differences

3. OBJECTIVES OF PREPARING TEACHING AIDS
The student-teacher will be able to develop necessary instructional aid by himself/herself, those which are usually not available in the market
The student-teacher will be able to develop positive attitude towards developing and using the instructional aid
The student-teacher will be able to develop positive professional skills to design and make simple inexpensive instructional aids for use in the instructional process
The student-teacher will be able to develop skills in the operation and maintenance of instructional aids

4. Teaching Aid
TLM
AVAid
Visual
A V Aid
Audio

5. Textbook Dictionary Encyclopedia Reference books Teacher hand book
TLM
Audio –Visual Aids
AV Aid
Visual
Picture
Bulletin board
Charts
Flashcards
Maps
Graphs
Flannel board
Audio
Radio
Mobile
Liinguaphone records
Audio Video
Film
Power point with voice
Laboratory
Textbook
Dictionary
Encyclopedia
Reference books
Teacher hand book
Work book
E book
kindle
Moodle
pod casting
web blogs

6. DIFFERENT TYPES OF Teaching Learning AIDS
Graphs
Charts
Models
Slides and audiotapes
Transparencies
Power point
Games/puzzles

7. GRAPHS
Graphs Are Effective Tools For Making Visual Comparisons And Contrasts Or For Presenting Complex Data And Contrasts Or For Presenting Complex Data In A Condensed Form

8. TYPES OF GRAPHS
Bar Graph
Pie Graph
Line Graph
Pictorial Graph

9. BAR GRAPH It is used for more complex quantitative comparisons.
It consists of bars arranged/vertically or horizontally from A base. Size, length or color of the bars represents different values.

10. Bar Graph

11. MARKS OF STUDENT

12. PIE GRAPH
It is used for proportions and percentages. It is also known as circle graph. The circle is divided by the lines into different sectors. Each one will represent a component part of the whole. The essence of the circle graphs is that the total area accounts for 100 % of the whole.

16. LINE GRAPH
It is used to show changes accurately. The line graphs can show with a fair degree of accuracy, the directions and trends of changing conditions. It can be very useful where there are many values to be shown where the time sequences are continuous and where accuracy is more important.

20. PICTORIAL GRAPH
These are adaptations of the bar graph. It is usually employed to present the same kind of data. It is widely used in magazines and newspapers. This graph is easily read and has the added advantage of using realistic representational figures to convey meaning.

23. CHARTS
Charts are graphic means of presenting a variety of related materials on sheets of paper/ transparencies in front of classroom or in the workshop or any other place for demonstrations.

24. Types of charts Data chart Pictorial chart Schematic chart Tree chart
Flow chart
Animated chart
Phantom view chart
Exploded view chart
Folding or multiple leaf chart

25. DATA CHART
This form of chart is most common and covers a wide range or materials. They cover such data as drill sizes, standard, proportions, weights and many other items and information

26. EG. POPULATION DATA COUNTRY POPULATION YEAR INDIA ………… 2000 CHINA 2001
BHUTAN
2002
SRILANKA
2003
BANGLADESH
2004
PAKISTAN
2005
BURMA
2006
NEPAL
2007

27. Sr. No
Teachers related factors F %
No time to prepare for class 05
5.68
I am not able to identify needs of my learners 04
4.54
I am unable to establish rapport with my students. 03
3.40
I am not confident enough to deal with students 02
2.27
In the class only half of the students are able to hear my voice
Teaching as a profession was not my first choice
I am not trained for managing large classrooms
My communication skill is not up to the mark 01
1.13
I am not interested in the subjects I teach.
Subjects given to me for teaching are not of my own discipline

28. POPULATION GROTH RATE
RANK
COUNTRY
POPULATION GROWTH RATE

29. OTHER EXAMPLES Growth of Higher education Institution in India
Distribution of Science Equipment's in School Lab.
Students enrollment in primary Education

30. PICTORIAL CHART
In these charts the subject matter is illustrated through pictures, sketches.
This consists of enlarged photographs of machines, human body or manufacturing process etc.

35. Scope of pictorial chart
Languages picture of village, authors, poets etc.
History picture of great leaders
Picture of parliament house
Picture of mountains, volcanoes, earthquakes etc
Commerce picture of warehouses etc

36. SCHEMATIC CHART
This is an effective way of depicting wiring diagrams or body systems, symbols are used to represent.

38. Scope of schematic chart
Preparing body systems with the help of symbols
Preparing different circuits with the help of wires and certain symbols

39. TREE CHART
It is useful in showing developments resulting in from a combination of major factors. It is developed from the branches in turn, represent developments and relationships.
The details shown in these charts resembles a tree while a several roots of this tee leading into single trunk represents the origin of an organisation or concept.

42. Scope of Tree chart…. Types of banks emerging from the trunk
The determinants of demand
Figures os speech
અલંકાર , સંજ્ઞાના પ્રકાર , છંદના પ્રકાર

43. FLOW CHART
It is useful, when explaining functional relationship, or sequence of events. It can also be termed as an organizational chart

46. ANIMATED CHART
It can create initial attention of students, maintain interest over a considerable period of time and the distinguishing feature of one or more moving parts. It is very helpful when the teacher wants to indicate change of conditions or a part of any mechanism.

47. Scope of Animated chart
Showing displacement on chart through movement
Showing heart beating

48. PHANTOM VIEW CHART
This type of chart shows the details of the interior of hidden parts without obliterating the outer sheller surface. This is sometimes preferable to : sectional views, as it can show each part as it actually exists.

51. EXPLODED VIEW CHART
Although this is a form of pictorial chart it is particularly useful to a beginner in the understanding of complicated mechanism.

58. FOLDING OR MULTIPLE VIEW CHART
It is A unique way of showing the internal working parts of A mechanism and at the same time confine the material to A compact form.

60. Scope of folding chart
Figures os speech, each on separate flip with illustrations
Types of banks each on separate flip
Calendar chart
Showing progressive evolution of species

61. MODELS Models are three dimensional visual aids.
They represent real things in all respects except size and shape.
It is a miniature reproduction that corresponds in detail with the original
Models are sometimes more serviceable than real things.
They can be easily handled, and used over and over again.

62. TYPES OF MODELS
Solid models
Cross section models
Working models

63. SOLID MODELS
They are used chiefly for recognition of external features.

64. CROSS SECTION MODELS
They reveal internal structure

65. CROSS SECTION MODEL OF mouth

66. CROSS SECTION MODEL OF EARTH

67. Static model

68. WORKING MODELS They demonstrate function or processes. Pendulum
Wind mill
Electric Fan

69. 3D Model of electric Fan

70. 3d Model of DNA

71. SLIDES AND AUDIOTAPES
Slides provides still visual experiences to the learners and are useful in illustrating objects, components, micro and macro structures processes etc. They may be used for independent study and for small or large group interactions along with printed typed or live commentary. This also needs hardware for their use. These are very useful in bringing real life situations in classroom.

72. OTHERS
Puzzle/game
Transparency
Power point

73. Powerpoint

74. PUZZLE/GAMES
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
WORD GAME
MATCHING

75. Crossword puzzle

76. CARE TO BE TAKEN Relevant , meaningful & purposeful Clarity Visibility
Not expensive
Presentation on chart should be simple, clear and understandable
Attractive
Appealing & interesting

77. MANUAL
Brief description about the topic on which aid has been prepared
Mention the instructional objectives
Write about the materials required for preparation of that aid
A write up of how to operate that aid in real classroom teaching
How to store the aid for its future purpose.

78. ALL THE BEST