1. Annual Safety Risk Management Day 2020
Civil Air Patrol Safety
Annual Safety Risk Management Day
Print enough CAPF 160 to operate in small groups during the exercise, or you may complete one form jointly as a large team ensuring that the entire group participates.
This training will provide a quick review of the CAP Risk Management program and guide you through the completion of the CAPF 160.

2. Today’s Plan Includes…
Conducting a Risk Assessment
A quick review of Risk Management and CAPR 160-1
Become familiar with the CAPF 160, Risk Assessment Worksheet
Group exercise on using the CAPF 160
Common Mishaps
Review common CAP mishaps and their causes and contributing factors
Discuss what you personally, and as a group, can do to address those factors
Region/Wing/Unit Emphasis Items
Open Discussion!

3. Conducting a Risk Assessment
Civil Air Patrol Safety
Conducting a Risk Assessment
Print enough CAPF 160 to operate in small groups during the exercise, or you may complete one form jointly as a large team ensuring that the entire group participates.
This training will provide a quick review of the CAP Risk Management program and guide you through the completion of the CAPF 160.

4. Personal Culture of Risk Management
“The goal of the CAP Safety Program is for each and every member of Civil Air Patrol, as well as the organization itself, to embrace and practice RM as a core competency of Civil Air Patrol.” (CAPR 160-1, paragraph )
“ … the diverse and localized aspects of CAP operations and activities demand that individuals and groups fully understand and routinely apply safety RM processes
as a matter of habit.” (CAPR 160-1, paragraph )
Every CAP member is expected to use risk management practices “as a matter of habit” when engaged in any CAP activity. All activities come with hazards and risks …
individuals and groups must be committed to the same risk management processes.
Every member in CAP has a role in safety. Each member from MajGen. Smith down to our youngest cadet is empowered to speak up when they see a safety issue. Our goal is to continue to grow a safety culture that include Risk Management into all of our activities.

5. Levels of Risk Management
Deliberate Risk Management
Full formal application of the RM steps
Use the CAPF 160, Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet
Used for large activities (e.g., NCSAs, Encampments, Flight Academies, etc.)
(see CAPR for guidance)
Real Time Risk Management
Smaller events and activities
Reduced planning time, but same RM process
Use the CAPF 160S, Real Time Risk Assessment Worksheet
Whether we use Deliberate Risk Management planning for the larger activities or Real Time Risk Management for smaller or more time critical processes, the idea to reach a point where we can spot hazards more easily and take the right steps to reduce the potential dangers.
In a few moments you will be tasked with completing a Risk Assessment for an activity using a Deliberate Risk Management technique. Understanding the Deliberate process should help you when it is time to make more on-the-fly Real Time assessments.

6. Risk Management Principles (See CAPR 160-1 for more information)
Accept no unnecessary risk
Reduce risk As Low As Reasonably Possible (ALARP)
Then determine if the risk is low enough to allow your mission or activity
Make Risk Decisions at the appropriate level
The person in charge of the event usually determines if risk is acceptable
Remember … Only CAP/CC can approve if risk is “High” or “Extremely High”
Integrate RM into ALL missions and activities
RM must be used in the planning and the execution of ALL CAP activities
Apply RM continuously … before, during, and after
(See CAPR for more information)
The general principles of Risk Management should help you when you are making decisions about how to control hazards that you have identified. Some times we are not able to completely eliminate a hazard, but we need to try to reduce the potential as low as possible. If we do all that we can and the risk is still too high, then we shouldn’t continue.

7. Risk Management Review
Five Step Process
Identify - what can hurt you?
Assess - how likely, and how badly?
Controls - how can you prevent it?
Implement - build controls into plan
Evaluate - how well is plan working?
The Loop!
It’s a continuous process
Look for new/different hazards and risks
Adjust your risk controls
Don’t forget your process. You need to make sure you close the loop. If you can remember “I’m A Must In Safety” then you can remember each of the steps in the RM Loop.
I’m – Identify the Hazards
A – Assess the Risk
Must – Make Control Decisions
In- Implement your Controls
Safety – Supervise and Review to make sure the controls are working

8. Often times our ideas about what may or may not be a hazard during any particular event means we have a tendency to focus on just that hazard. Because we are so focused we often fail to identify other hazards that are obvious to those who are not as focused on the primary hazard.
Play Video.
You can see that because you were asked to count the number of basketball passes, you probably did not notice the other things happening. All of your attention was on the ball. Risk Assessments can help us break down an activity so that we can identify all of the hazards and not just the few really big ones.

9. Identify Hazards
Every activity is made up of numerous smaller activities
Look for hazards associated with the main activity
Examine each sub-activity for hazards
Use blocks 4 and 5 of the CAPF 160 to
list sub-activities and their hazards
Look for hazards in all of the “5 Ms”
Unclear Guidance? Weather?
Facilities? Member? Equipment?
Tasks? Mission Intensity?
See “Using the Five M’s” guide on
Risk Assessment webpage
You can follow along on the CAPF 160 as we discuss the blocks.

10. Identify Hazards (continued)
Gather your team
Brainstorm to think of all the hazards
What risk do they bring?
Questions for each activity or task:
What can go wrong?
What can break?
How could someone get hurt?
“What if …”
Ask “what if” something went wrong with each part of the plan
Have you done anything like this before?
What worked (and what didn’t) the last time you did this?
Instead of trying to come up with ideas all by yourself, group brainstorming can be very useful for identifying hazards in a process. You can also rely on people with past experience to discuss isssues they have had to deal with in the same process.

11. Assess the Risk
If a hazard can cause an injury, the risk level is determined based on:
The probability of the injury happening, and
The severity of the injury if it occurs
Probability + Severity = Risk Level
Use the Risk Matrix on page 3 of CAPF 160
to determine the risk level for each hazard
Once you have decided what risks or problems you might encounter you need to decide what level of risk will be assigned to that hazard.
Risk Level is the combination of the Probability plus the Severity of the result of the hazard.

12. Assess the Risk
For each hazard, use the definitions in the matrix to …
- Estimate the Probability
of damage or injury occurring
- Estimate the Severity
of the damage or injury if it occurs
Read across, and vertically, to see the level of risk (EH, H, M, or L)
Be honest with your estimates
Use worst-case scenario
Discuss with your team
Using this chart you can see that if the hazard could result in a minor injury or minor damage it would be Moderate. If we determine that the hazard only result in Moderate damage Occasionally then our Risk Level is a Medium Risk.

13. Develop the Risk Controls Reduce the probability Reduce the severity
Ask yourself what is causing each risk … target your risk controls at that cause
A Few Options:
Eliminate the risk: Is that event or that piece of equipment really needed?
Reduce exposure to the hazard: Reduce your time in the sun?
Reduce the number of people allowed on the flight line?
Train people: …how to avoid the hazard. …how to perform the task correctly
Warn people: Brief them … Put up signs … Rope off danger areas … Supervise
Prepare your members: Proper rest, nutrition, hydration, wingman, training
Improve the design: Make it more efficient. Don’t try to do “too much.”
Supervise: Assign spotters. Observe changing conditions. Call “knock it off”

14. Develop the Risk Controls For each hazard you listed …
Use Blocks 7 & 8 on the CAPF 160 to
enter the risk control you selected
You may have more than one control
for each hazard
Describe HOW you will implement each control and how you will monitor it
Enter the name of the person responsible for making sure the control
is in place and working
Now the hazard we identified is a Medium Risk. That doesn’t mean you can stop there. We should still try to put controls in place that will reduce that risk or maybe even eliminate it.
So we had the example of our day one encampment. What can we do to reduce the risk of someone being dropped off early with no one there to meet them?
Once you have your control you can assign a person responsible for that control to make sure it is implemented.

15. Prioritizing Your Risk Controls
Develop Risk Controls
Prioritizing Your Risk Controls
Prioritize the Risks
Focus first on the hazards that bring the highest levels of risk
Try to completely eliminate that hazards that bring H or EH risk levels
Prioritize the Risk Controls
There may be numerous ways of controlling each risk
Focus on the risk controls that have …
… the most benefit (the most effective at reducing risk) …
… balanced with the cost, effort, and available resources
You may have had lots of ideas about how to solve the problem, and there often is more than one way to fix something. You want to look at the most effective way. Think about how hard it will be to do it one way, if another way is easier. Also you have to think about what is available to you. It may be a lot easier to buy a bus and drive around picking everyone up, but how are you going to pay for a bus?

16. Assess the Residual Risk
With your risk controls in place (and working),
each risk should be reduced
That reduced risk is the “Residual Risk”
Use the Risk Matrix again to determine the Residual Risk with your risk controls in place
Record the residual risk for each hazard using the dropdown menus in Block 9 of the CAPF 160
Once you have decided how to reduce the risk, use your chart again and see what your risk level is now.
NOTE:
Refer to CAPR for approval authority if ANY risk is High (H) or Extremely High (EH)

17. The RM “Loop” Supervise and Evaluate After Action and Lessons Learned
One of the most important components of Risk Management is the Loop, signifying that RM must be a continuous process!
Supervise and Evaluate
Everyone must watch for new hazards, new risks, or controls that aren’t effective
Risk Controls can (and should) be updated and improved
Consider a “knock it off” if big changes are needed or new risks arise
After Action and Lessons Learned
Gather your team
Discuss what controls worked and which didn’t
Document your “lessons learned” using Block 14 of CAPF 160
- you’ll want to refer back to it next time you have an activity like this!
Remember your RM Loop, the process is never really finished. We have to supervise and review. Once you complete a step in the process you have to decide if the plan you put in place worked the way it was supposed to, or if you will need to make changes.
Remember, if there is something really wrong and you see a hazard that hurt someone, it doesn’t matter what your rank is, you can call “knock it off” and decision can be made about the risk before you continue.

18. Getting Started
Congratulations! You’ve just been assigned to do a risk assessment (RA) for an event at your squadron!
Save those forms when you are done with this exercise. Your Region and Wing Safety Officers are going to randomly select certain units to review their forms. They are going to send them to NHQ Safety Staff, and the best examples will be used to help teach other units.
Ok team now its time to get started!

19. Cadet Squadrons
Cadet Squadrons – Complete a Risk Assessment using the CAPF 160 covering the first day of a squadron overnight event. From drop off at the squadron to lights out the first night.
Examples may include:
Early/Late Arrival to squadron
Forgotten Items
Hot/Cold climate
What other issues or hazards might you experience?

20. Brainstorm as a group to think of additional hazards!
Cadet Squadrons
Member Arrives early to squadron H
Young member waiting alone could be injured, or kidnapped
Fill in your activity and describe the hazard, then assign it a Risk Level
Brainstorm as a group to think of additional hazards!

21. Cadet Squadrons Controlling the hazards
What can be done to prevent the hazards you identified?
Example: Hazard - Forgotten Items
Control measure - Create a checklist for the activity, each cadet will then review the checklist with a senior member prior to departing from the squadron enroute to the activity location to make sure all required items are packed.
How would you control the other issues you identified?

22. Now enter your risk control and how you will implement the new control
Cadet Squadrons
A welcome team will be at the squadron 30 minutes prior to expected cadet arrival time.
Young member waiting alone could be injured, or kidnapped H
A welcome team will be created to meet cadets when they arrive at the squadron.
Member Arrives early to squadron
Now enter your risk control and how you will implement the new control

23. Cadet Squadrons
Who is going to be the person responsible to make sure the control measures you picked are completed?
Assign a member or a team to each control measure

24. Cadet Squadrons
Young member waiting alone could be injured, or kidnapped
A welcome team will be created to meet cadets when they arrive at the squadron.
A welcome team will be at the squadron 30 minutes prior to expected cadet arrival time.
Member Arrives early to squadron H
Capt Jones & Welcome Team.

25. Cadet Squadrons
Next you need to make sure that your control has reduced the hazard level to an acceptable new level
If your control does not reduce the level, you may need to change or update your controls
Always review your controls after the event to see if it worked, or if it needs to be changed based on what you learned

26. Cadet Squadrons
Young member waiting alone could be injured, or kidnapped
A welcome team will be created to meet cadets when they arrive at the squadron.
A welcome team will be at the squadron 30 minutes prior to expected cadet arrival time. L
Member Arrives early to squadron H
Welcome Team.

27. Congratulations! You have started your Risk Assessment for your
overnight squadron event!

28. Senior Member Squadrons
Senior Member Squadrons - Complete a Risk Assessment using the CAPF 160 on the process of Spring Cleaning in your facility.
Examples may include:
Moving Aircraft
Dangerous Insects
Use of chemical cleaners
What other issues or hazards might you experience?

29. Brainstorm as a group to think of additional hazards!
Senior Member Squadrons H
Mixing ammonia and bleach can create a toxic gas
Cleaning Floor
Fill in your activity and describe the hazard, then assign it a Risk Level
Brainstorm as a group to think of additional hazards!

30. Senior Member Squadrons
Controlling the hazards
What can be done to prevent the hazards you identified?
Example: Hazard – Cleaning the floors
Control measure – Due to the potential for a toxic gas to develop from the use of ammonia and bleach, only natural cleaners will be purchased and used in the cleaning process
How would you control the other issues you identified?

31. Now enter your risk control and how you will implement the new control
Senior Member Squadrons
Only natural cleaning products will be purchased and used for cleaning
Mixing ammonia and bleach can create a toxic gas H
Use of ammonia will be prohibited for cleaning purposes
Cleaning Floor
Now enter your risk control and how you will implement the new control

32. Senior Member Squadrons
Who is going to be the person responsible to make sure the control measures you picked are completed?
Assign a member or a team to each control measure

33. H Senior Member Squadrons
Mixing ammonia and bleach can create a toxic gas
Use of ammonia will be prohibited for cleaning purposes
Only natural cleaning products will be purchased and used for cleaning
Cleaning Floor H
Capt Jones & Cleaning Team

34. Senior Member Squadrons
Next you need to make sure that your control has reduced the hazard level to an acceptable new level
If your control does not reduce the level, you may need to change or update your controls
Always review your controls after the event to see if they worked, or if they need to be changed based on what you learned

35. L H Senior Member Squadrons
Mixing ammonia and bleach can create a toxic gas
Use of ammonia will be prohibited for cleaning purposes
Only natural cleaning products will be purchased and used for cleaning L
Cleaning Floor H
Cleaning Team

36. Congratulations! You have started your Risk Assessment for
Spring Cleaning of your squadron!