1. Level Q1
Which of these shows the correct order for the central dogma of molecular biology?
a. DNA to protein to RNA C. protein to DNA to RNA
B. RNA to DNA to protein D. DNA to RNA to protein

2. Level Q2
What is the relationship between an organism’s DNA and protein produced? a. DNA becomes a specific part of the protein structure. b. DNA translates proteins into amino acids. c. DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each protein. d. DNA determines the ribosomal RNA sequence that becomes part of the protein structure.

3. Level Q3
Which type of mutation is shown in the following DNA sequence? ACTGCA → AGTGCA a. Inversion B. Deletion C. Frameshift D. Substitution

4. Level Q4
What is the relationship between transcription and translation?
Transcription replicates DNA, and translation divides the cell.
Transcription produces the message that translation uses to make a protein.
Transcription makes the sugars in a plant that translation uses to produce ATP.
Transcription produces a protein in prokaryotes, while translation is used in eukaryotes.

5. Level 2 Q1 What is the function of transfer RNA?
It is a part of the ribosome.
It delivers the correct amino acid to the ribosome.
It bonds to other RNA molecules, leading to their destruction.
It carries the information coding for the amino acid sequence of a protein.

6. Level 2 Q2 Which amino acids will be coded for the mRNA sequence?
UUU­CCU­CGU
A. Phenylalanine Proline Arginine C. Lysine Glycine Alanine
B. Arginine Proline Phenylalanine D. Alanine Glycine Lysine

7. Level Q3
In which part of the cell does the initial process of transcription take place?
Nucleus C. protein
ribosome D. cytoplasm

8. Level 5 Q1 Which cell types can differentiate into a variety of cells?
stem cells C. nerve cells
blood cells D. sperm cells

9. Level Q4
Why does DNA need to be “unzipped” before it can be replicated?
A. The DNA needs to be separated into two template strands so protein can be
translated.
The DNA needs to be separated into two template strands so messenger RNA can be made.
The two strands of DNA need to each be moved into a new cell before replication can occur.
The two strands of DNA need to be separated so new bases can pair with
each template strand.

10. Level Q1
In the production of proteins, what is the function of messenger­ RNA molecules?
A. They remove amino acids from the nucleus.
B. They act as a template for the production of DNA.
C. They carry specific enzymes for breaking down the ribosome.
D. They carry information that determines the sequence of
amino acids.

11. Level Q2
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms?
similarity in behavior B. similarity in DNA
C. similarity in habitat D. similarity in niche

12. Level Q3
What is the significance of the Human Genome Project? A. The cause of cancer was discovered B. The 3 billion bases in human DNA were discovered C. The structure of DNA and how it is made was determined D. All of the proteins made by human DNA were discovered

13. Level Q4
What will most likely result from engineering crops that are more resistant to drought?
increased production of crops
increased need for irrigation systems of crops
increased chance of pest infestations on crops
increased nutritional value of crops

14. Level 1 Q1 What is the RNA code complementary to the DNA code below?
AAC GCC AAA GGG
a. UUG CGG UUU CCC
B. GUU CCG TTT CCC
C. UGG GCC TTT CCC
D. GUG CGC UUU CCC

15. Level Q2
Which type of RNA delivers the genetic code to the ribosome?
RNA B.mRNA
C. tRNA D. tmRNA

16. Level 1 Q3 TAT GCG GCC TAT CGC CGG UAT CGC CGG UAU CGC CGG
Which is the DNA complement of ATA GCG GCC?
TAT GCG GCC
TAT CGC CGG
UAT CGC CGG
UAU CGC CGG

17. Level 1 Q4 How are the amino acids linked together during translation?
by creating peptide bonds
by creating phosphate bonds
by creating hydrogen bonds
by creating covalent bonds

18. Level 5 q2 Which best describes cell differentiation?
A. occurs only in mammal cells
B. more specialized cell becomes a less specialized cell type
C. occurs once during the development of a multicellular
organism
cells specialized in function leads to specialized cells,
tissues, and organs

19. Level q3
What are the problems associated with genetically engineering organisms?
It could produce organisms that are resistant to all herbicides or pesticides and it could become out of control.
It could kill off beneficial organisms.
It could lead to extinction of beneficial organism.
All the above

20. Level q4
BT corn, drought resistant crops, insulin production are all examples of
Cloning C. gel electrophoresis
genetic engineering D. Human genome project

21. Level q1
Which of the following shows the correct sequence of molecules involved in protein synthesis?
a. Nucleotide mRNA DNA tRNA
b. DNA mRNA polypeptide nucleotide
DNA tRNA mRNA polypeptide
DNA mRNA polypeptide trait

22. Level q2
Scientists can use genetic information to identify people because it is unique to each person. Which specific characteristic is unique to an individual?
a. The shape of the DNA molecules in cells.
The number of chromosomes in each cell.
The sequence of DNA nucleotides in cells.
The size of each chromosome in a cell.

23. Level q4
The gene for the production of human insulin is inserted into certain bacterial cells. The offspring of these bacterial cells will most likely be able to:
Destroy pathogens
Synthesize this hormone
Reproduce sexually
Form human tissue

24. Level q3
How would genetically altering plants for pes resistance be economically beneficial?
Erosion of topsoil would no longer be a concern.
Crops would be more easily protected from weeds.
Crop-eating pests would no longer ruin crops.
Abnormal plant growth would be eliminated.