1. The Nature of the Cell
Historical Background, Cell Theory, Cell Size and Shape, Types of Cell, Morphology and Physiology of Eukaryotic Cell
December 10, 2009

2. Cell Every Single Cell in my Body is happy
Every Single Cell in my Body is well (2x)
I thank you Lord, I feel so good
Every single cell in my body is well.

3. 1665 (Robert Hooke) British Scientist
Observed mass of tiny cavities from thin slices of cork with his self made microscope
Coined the term “cell”

4. 1674 (Anton Van Leeuwenhoek)
Perfected the construction of the compound microscope
decided to try and look at things that were still alive, like blood, and saliva from his mouth.

5. 1831(Robert Brown)
Plants have nucleus
Brownian Movement

6. 1835 (Dujardin)
Protoplasm

7. 1838, 1839,1858
Matthias Schleiden, Theodore Schwann and Rudolf Virchow
Cell Theory

8. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
Living cells come only from other living cells.

9. 1932 (Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska)
Built the first transmission electron microscope

10. 1953(James Watson and Francis Crick)
Discovered the DNA structure

11. Functions of Cells Cell Function
Releasing energy from food.
Making new cells for growth and repair.
Getting rid of body wastes.
Cell work together to perform basic life processes that keep organisms alive.

12. Cells: Size & Shape Size and Shape depend upon its function.
Red blood cells are small and disc shaped to fit through the smallest blood vessel.
Muscle cells are long and thin. When they contract they produce movement.
Nerve cells which carry signals to the brain are very long.

13. Trivia Largest Cell Smallest Cell Nerve Cell at Giraffe’s neck
Mycoplasma

15. cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosome, vacuole
Animal
Plant

16. Plant /Animal Cell Definitions
Nucleus: The organelle that determines all of a plant’s cell activities and produces new cells.
Cytoplasm: A jellylike substance that contains many chemicals to keep the cell functioning.
Nucleus: The organelle that determines all of the animal cells activities and produces new cells.
Vacuoles: Organelles that store food, waste, or water.
Chromosomes: Threadlike structures that contain information about plant.
Chloroplasts: Organelles that make food for the plant cell.
Chromosomes: Threadlike structures that contain information about the animal.
Mitochondria: Organelles that release energy from food.
Cell Membrane: A covering that hold the plant cell together and separates it from surroundings.
Vacuole: An organelle that stores food, water, and waste.
Cell Membrane: a covering that holds the animal cell together and separates it from its surroundings.
Cell Wall: A rigid layer that supports and protects plant cells.
Mitochondria: Organelles that release energy from food.
Cytoplasm: a jellylike substance that contains many chemicals to keep the cell functioning.

19. Cell as a Community

20. Plasma Membrane Gives strength, shape and protection to the cell
Regulates traffic flow of materials between the interior cell and Environment

21. Hydrophilic head
Of Phospholipids
Hydrophobic tail
Of Phospholipids

22. Protoplasm The living material of the cell
Substances that exhibits the properties of life

23. Cytoplasm

25. Organelles Permanent/ Metabolic
Nucleus
Most distinct organelle
“Governor of the cell”
Contains nucleolus, nucleoplasm and chromatin

26. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
They carry products where they need to go

27. Why do you think ribosomes are found on the walls of the endoplasmic reticulum?

28. The Factory
Ribosomes
creates the needed proteins

29. Golgi Apparatus (The Packaging)
The Golgi Apparatus is responsible for taking the proteins which were created by the ribosomes, and making them bigger

30. The Guard
Lysosome
Lysosomes are filled with enzymes that are used to break up and partially digest food.
Suicide bags of the cell

33. Mitochondria Mitochondria
The creates energy for the cell by producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from glucose

35. Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Creates food for plant in the form of glucose

37. Vacuoles Storage sacks for food and water
They also contain various enzymes and inorganic substances

39. Centrioles Composed of microtubules located in the centrosome
Formation and anchoring of spindle fibers during cell division

41. Cilia and Flagella
Structure used for locomotion of the cell
Cilia-numerous and short
Flagella-Few and Long

42. 5 6 2 4 1 3 7 8 9 10

43. Inclusions Temporary/Non-metabolic
Vacoule
Vacuoles are small sacs are filled with food and water. They are used by cells as storage tanks. All plant cells have vacuoles, but not all animal cells do. The primary place where plants store water is within its vacuoles. When a plants vacuoles are filled with water, they become plump, giving the plant strength. What happens when you do not water a plant? It begins to wilt, becoming softer. This is because the vacuoles found inside the plants cells are running out of water.
Pigments (Hemoglobin,)
Crystals
Fat Droplets
Foreign particles

44. fin