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Political Ideologies of WWII
WWII Unit Yr 10 BSC
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Questions to Consider What is the job of government?
Could human beings sustain order without government? Are there different philosophies on governing? Which do you favor and why?
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What is a Political Ideology??
Explains how society should work, and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order. How to allocate power and to what ends it should be used. Includes an economic system.
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Fighting Over Ideas Throughout history armed conflicts have occurred because of different opinions about government and theories of governing. In your opinion why is this a common occurrence? Can you think of an example of a time when this has happened? Why would Australia participate in an armed conflict to defend a governmental principle?
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FASCISM Italy - Mussolini
Totalitarian/Authoritarian, single party state “The Far Right” Society more important than the individual Centralization of power under a dictator, did not desire equality Strict govt. control of the economy Suppression of opposition through terror and censorship Nationalism and Racial superiority
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Fascism Fascism is a highly nationalist, militaristic, totalitarian political ideology in which one person has absolute power. Fascist Beliefs Fascism emphasizes: Action: Human beings find meaning and purpose by acting, not by reasoning or thinking. Community spirit: People need to be part of a community. Individualism is dangerous because it turns people away from their community. Nationalism: The community that matters the most is the nation. People should work together to promote the glory and power of the nation. Militarism: The nation must have a strong, powerful military. The nation shows its power by expanding its territory. The future: Fascists love the speed and power of technology. They look optimistically to the future. One party: The nation must be unified and speak with one voice. Therefore, only one political party is allowed, and that party rules with absolute power. Violence: The government rules its people through violence or the threat of violence.
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COMMUNISM: The Theory/Marxism
Karl Marx Economic System & Political Ideology Property is commonly controlled Revolution of the proletariat (worker) to seize control of the means of production
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Marxian Communism "Pure communism" in the Marxian sense refers to a classless, stateless and oppression-free society where decisions on what to produce and what policies to pursue are made democratically, allowing every member of society to participate in the decision-making process in both the political and economic spheres of life
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COMMUNISM: working according to ability, benefits according to need, government owns business, workers own government, no class system Russia, China, North Korean
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NAZISM National Socialist German Worker’s Party Hitler – Germany
Fascism extreme nationalism, racism, eugenics, totalitarianism, homophobia, anti-Semitism, anti-communism, and limits to freedom of religion The rejection of democracy, and consequently abolishing political parties, labor unions, and free press
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Key Terms: Fascism: A government system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism. Communism: A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. Imperialism: The policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. Nationalism: Devotion and loyalty to one’s own country, patriotism. Militarism: A strong military spirit or policy.
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