1. “To the victor goes the spoils” Jackson in the White House
Sasso
US I

2. Jacksonian Democracy
The United States is changing pretty rapidly during Jackson’s administration- socially, politically, economically
The Spoils System becomes a big part of Jackson’s government- “to the victor goes the spoils”
Spoils System- appointing people to government positions on the basis of party loyalty
Not a new development, but Jackson is the first president to remove officials and replace them with his own
Jackson figures that the president should have more power than anyone else in the government, so he just planned on doing whatever he wanted
Also develops his “Kitchen Cabinet” of advisors

3. Jacksonian Democracy
One method of doing whatever he pleased was by exercising his veto power
Used more vetoes (12) than the first six presidents COMBINED
Several of his vetoes are used on bills proposed by Henry Clay
These are effective means for Jackson to get back at his political enemies

4. Veto of the Maysville road bill
This Bill would extend the Cumberland National Road inside the state of Kentucky
Since Jackson was a nationalist, most felt this would be quickly approved
Jackson vetoed it- said the Constitution does not allow the federal government to spend $ on local transportation
His opinion- the improvement would only benefit KY, the federal government would not pay for it
Where is Henry Clay from? Kentucky
What does Jackson do next? Approves a bill that will build a new National Road to and through TN
Where is Jackson from? TN
In chess this is referred to as checkmate

5. Jackson and Calhoun An uncomfortable combination
Some troubled history together
Calhoun had been a nationalist in his early political career
Helped create the American System with Clay
Time changes his views
1820s- South Carolina begins struggling economically
Part of it’s struggles come from the high tariffs that Calhoun helped create (Tariff of 1816)
The Tariff of exceptionally high- passed at the end of JQA’s term
Calhoun begins thinking more along sectional lines
Some South Carolinians begin to talk of secession

6. The Nullification Crisis
Calhoun’s political future truly depends on how he can help fix things for SC- Petticoat Affair will destroy his presidential ambitions
BUT- he is well aware that secession is very dangerous
Tariff of 1828 becomes known in the South as the “Tariff of Abominations”
Calhoun decides to reintroduce the concept of Nullification
Anonymously writes the South Carolina Exposition and Protest
Not his idea- had been developed by TJ and Madison
Again- this is the concept that states have the final decision on federal law
If a state does not agree with a federal law, they can decide to make it null and void in their borders
This can again put the U.S. on the brink of disunion

7. The Nullification Crisis
Jackson: “Our federal Union it must be preserved”
Calhoun: “The Union: Next to our liberties most dear”
Proposed Tariffs of decrease taxes on certain products, but increase them on others (JQA-sponsored; done to pacify South)
Calhoun will resign as VP, and campaigns for an open Senate position
South Carolina issues an Ordinance of Nullification, nullifying the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832
Jackson send a warship and revenue ships to South Carolina

8. Henry Clay to the rescue
“Compromise Tariff” of 1833
Will reduce taxes over the next several years (By 1842-taxes will be reduced 1816 levels)
Should keep federal and state governments satisfied
Jackson will recommend a “force bill” be included in the language
SC will publicly accept the tariff, but nullify the Force Bill
And the beat goes on…